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La salud del adulto mayor en Chile: Una responsabilidad compartida por las personas, las empresas y el Estado
[The health of older adults in Chile: a responsibility shared by individuals, companies, and the government]

Author

Listed:
  • Calvo, Esteban
  • Martorell, Bernardo

Abstract

En este estudio nos preguntamos quiénes son los responsables de la salud del adulto mayor. Para responder esta pregunta, primero identificamos los principales determinantes de la salud del adulto mayor y luego exploramos actores sociales relevantes a los cuales es posible atribuir una responsabilidad. Nuestro análisis se basa en datos longitudinales de la Encuesta de Protección Social en Chile y sugiere que, si bien un estilo de vida saludable puede hacer una gran diferencia, la salud también es afectada por factores que no están bajo el control directo de las personas. Dado que muchas personas entran a la tercera edad habiendo trabajado por más de 30 o 40 años, las características de su empleo pueden tener un impacto duradero en su salud. Yendo todavía un paso más atrás en el tiempo, también es importante considerar que existen grupos de ancianos que partieron su vida en una situación desaventajada y acumularon desventajas desigualmente durante el curso de su vida. Particular atención requieren las personas que crecieron en un hogar de nivel socio-económico bajo y las mujeres. En síntesis, nuestros resultados sugieren que la salud del adulto mayor es influenciada significativamente por tres factores interrelacionados: estilo de vida saludable, empleo saludable y factores estructurales. Tomando esto en cuenta, proponemos que la salud del adulto mayor es una responsabilidad compartida por las personas, las empresas y el estado. In this article we debate who are responsible for the health of older adults in Chile. In order to answer this, we first use data to identify the determinants of the health of older adults: life styles, employment attributes, and structural advantages/disadvantages. Next, we connect these determinants to three relevant social actors: individuals, companies, and the State. These three actors influence the health of older adults through different mechanisms, such as: actions and decisions, organizational politics, and public policies. This analytical model includes determinants, responsible actors, and mechanisms that influence health, at three different levels of social reality: micro, meso, and macro. We conclude that the health of older adults is a responsibility shared by individuals, companies, and the State.

Suggested Citation

  • Calvo, Esteban & Martorell, Bernardo, 2008. "La salud del adulto mayor en Chile: Una responsabilidad compartida por las personas, las empresas y el Estado [The health of older adults in Chile: a responsibility shared by individuals, companies," MPRA Paper 48955, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:48955
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Calvo, Esteban, 2006. "Does Working Longer Make People Healthier and Happier?," MPRA Paper 5606, University Library of Munich, Germany.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    health determinants; health; older adults;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I10 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - General
    • I19 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Other

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