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Explaining Household Saving Rates in G7 Countries: Implications for Germany

Author

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  • Felix Hüfner

    (OECD)

  • Isabell Koske

    (OECD)

Abstract

Many propositions have been made to explain the increase in the German household saving rate since the year 2000 from an individual country perspective but most of them focus on partial aspects. This paper adds to the discussion by analysing whether factors common to other industrial countries help to explain the behaviour of the German household saving rate. We analyse the determinants of household saving rates in the G7 countries since the 1970s in a panel co-integration framework. Unlike many previous studies, our specification allows for heterogeneity in the long- and short-run parameters across countries and explicitly distinguishes between financial liberalisation effects and wealth effects. Apart from finding that income developments as well as real interest rates and inflation are influencing household savings in most countries, results suggest that wealth effects through house and stock prices play a role in many countries, notably over the more recent period. According to the model, the recent increase in the German saving rate is due to two factors: Firstly, the actual saving rate was below its estimated equilibrium level at the end of the 1990s, implying an upward correction over the medium term. Secondly, the equilibrium saving rate has moved upwards in the first half of the 2000s, largely because of declines in stock prices. Expliquer les taux d'épargne des ménages dans les pays du G7 : implications pour l'Allemagne Plusieurs propositions ont été faites pour expliquer l'augmentation du taux d'épargne des ménages allemands depuis l'année 2000 à partir d'un point de vue du pays individuel mais la plupart se focalisent sur des aspects partiels. Ce papier étoffe la discussion en analysant si des facteurs communs à d'autres pays industrialisés aident à expliquer le comportement du taux d'épargne des ménages allemands. Nous analysons les déterminants du taux d'épargne des ménages dans les pays du G7 depuis les années 70 à l’aide du système de cointégration de panel. Contrairement à de nombreuses études précédentes, notre spécification permet d'hétérogénéité des paramètres à long et court terme entre les pays et fait explicitement la distinction entre les effets de la libéralisation financière et les effets de richesse. En plus de conclure que l'évolution des revenus ainsi que des taux d'intérêt réels et de l'inflation influent sur l'épargne des ménages dans la plupart des pays, les résultats suggèrent que les effets de richesse à travers les prix immobiliers et les prix des actions jouent un rôle dans de nombreux pays, notamment au cours de la période plus récente. Selon le modèle, deux facteurs expliquent l'augmentation récente du taux d'épargne allemande : premièrement, le taux d'épargne réel a été en-dessous de son niveau d'équilibre estimé à la fin des années 90, ce qui implique une correction à la hausse sur le moyen terme. Deuxièmement, l'équilibre du taux d'épargne s'est déplacé vers le haut dans la première moitié des années 2000, essentiellement en raison de la baisse des prix des actions.

Suggested Citation

  • Felix Hüfner & Isabell Koske, 2010. "Explaining Household Saving Rates in G7 Countries: Implications for Germany," OECD Economics Department Working Papers 754, OECD Publishing.
  • Handle: RePEc:oec:ecoaaa:754-en
    DOI: 10.1787/5kmjv81n9phc-en
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    Cited by:

    1. Uddin, Md. Main & Mishra, Vinod & Smyth, Russell, 2020. "Income inequality and CO2 emissions in the G7, 1870–2014: Evidence from non-parametric modelling," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 88(C).
    2. Robert Kollmann & Marco Ratto & Werner Roeger & Jan in't Veld & Lukas Vogel, 2015. "What drives the German current account? And how does it affect other EU Member States?," Economic Policy, CEPR, CESifo, Sciences Po;CES;MSH, vol. 30(81), pages 47-93.
    3. de Bondt, Gabe & Gieseck, Arne & Zekaite, Zivile & Herrero, Pablo, 2019. "Disaggregate income and wealth effects in the largest euro area countries," Working Paper Series 2343, European Central Bank.
    4. repec:zbw:bofitp:urn:nbn:fi:bof-201505061169 is not listed on IDEAS
    5. William Gatt, "undated". "The determinants of household saving behaviour in Malta," CBM Working Papers WP/03/2014, Central Bank of Malta.
    6. Clovis Kerdrain & Isabell Koske & Isabelle Wanner, 2010. "The Impact of Structural Policies on Saving, Investment and Current Accounts," OECD Economics Department Working Papers 815, OECD Publishing.
    7. Clovis Kerdrain & Isabell Koske & Isabelle Wanner, 2011. "Current Account Imbalances: can Structural Reforms Help to Reduce Them?," OECD Journal: Economic Studies, OECD Publishing, vol. 2011(1), pages 1-44.
    8. Checherita-Westphal, Cristina & Stechert, Marcel, 2021. "Household saving and fiscal policy: evidence for the euro area from a thick modelling perspective," Working Paper Series 2633, European Central Bank.
    9. World Bank, 2011. "Turkey - Country Economic Memorandum (CEM) : Sustaining High Growth - The Role of Domestic savings : Synthesis Report," World Bank Publications - Reports 12264, The World Bank Group.
    10. Belke Ansgar, 2014. "Europäische Zentralbank: kontraproduktive unkonventionelle Geldpolitik und der Euro-Wechselkurs / European Central Bank: counter-productive unconventional monetary policy and the exchange rate," ORDO. Jahrbuch für die Ordnung von Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft, De Gruyter, vol. 65(1), pages 117-132, January.
    11. Fabrizio Coricelli & Andreas Wörgötter, 2012. "Structural Change and the Current Account: The Case of Germany," OECD Economics Department Working Papers 940, OECD Publishing.
    12. Edouard Augustin Ribes, 2023. "Transforming personal finance thanks to artificial intelligence: myth or reality?," Financial Economics Letters, Anser Press, vol. 2(1), pages 11-12, April.
    13. Philemon Kwame Opoku, 2019. "The Short-Run and Long-Run Determinants of Household Saving:Evidence from OECD countries," Working Papers REM 2019/0110, ISEG - Lisbon School of Economics and Management, REM, Universidade de Lisboa.
    14. Simone Salotti, 2010. "An appraisal of the wealth effect in the US: evidence from pseudo-panel data," Working Papers - Mathematical Economics 2010-06, Universita' degli Studi di Firenze, Dipartimento di Scienze per l'Economia e l'Impresa.
    15. Yoichi Matsubayashi & Takao Fujii, 2012. "Substitutability of Savings by Sectors: OECD Experiences," Discussion Papers 1215, Graduate School of Economics, Kobe University.
    16. repec:bof:bofitp:urn:nbn:fi:bof-201505061169 is not listed on IDEAS
    17. Stefan Ederer & Josef Baumgartner & Jürgen Bierbaumer-Polly & Serguei Kaniovski & Silvia Rocha-Akis & Gerhard Streicher, 2016. "Österreich 2025 – Privater Konsum und öffentliche Investitionen in Österreich," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 59037, February.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    co-intégration en panel; effet de richesse; household saving rate; panel co-integration; taux d’épargne des ménages; wealth effects;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C33 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Models with Panel Data; Spatio-temporal Models
    • E21 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Consumption; Saving; Wealth

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