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How do female migration and gender discrimination in social institutions mutually influence each other?

Author

Listed:
  • Gaëlle Ferrant

    (OECD)

  • Michele Tuccio

Abstract

Using the Social Institutions and Gender Index (SIGI) from the OECD Development Centre, this paper provides evidence of the two-way relationship between gender inequality in social institutions and South-South migration. Discriminatory social institutions in both origin and destination countries are one additional determinant of female migration. Gender inequality appears to be both a pull and a push factor for migrant women. On one hand, higher gender discrimination at home reduces female emigration, since women’s restricted opportunities and low decision-power limit their possibility to move abroad. On the other hand, lower discrimination in the destination country attracts female immigration. However, they have no significant impact on male migration, suggesting that male and female incentives to migrate differ. Cet article étudie l’influence réciproque entre discriminations de genre au sein des institutions sociales et migration. D’un côté, le niveau de discrimination de genre dans les institutions sociales du pays d’origine et du pays d’accueil influence significativement la migration des femmes dans les pays du Sud. Ainsi les discriminations auxquelles les femmes font faces dans les lois formelles et informelles, les normes sociales et pratiques coutumières dans leurs pays d’origine constituent un déterminant supplémentaire à la migration : lorsque les discriminations dans les pays d’origine sont trop fortes, elles entravent les opportunités de migration des femmes et réduisent ainsi les flux migratoires Sud-Sud. En outre, le niveau de discrimination dans les institutions sociales des pays d’origine semblent aussi jouer un rôle important, les femmes étant attirés par des pays ayant des niveaux de discrimination plus faibles que dans leurs pays d’origine. Ce type d’inégalité n’a pas d'impact significatif sur les hommes, suggérant que les facteurs de migration diffèrent entre les hommes et les femmes.

Suggested Citation

  • Gaëlle Ferrant & Michele Tuccio, 2015. "How do female migration and gender discrimination in social institutions mutually influence each other?," OECD Development Centre Working Papers 326, OECD Publishing.
  • Handle: RePEc:oec:devaaa:326-en
    DOI: 10.1787/5js3926d54d7-en
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    Cited by:

    1. Daniel Homocianu, 2023. "Exploring the Predictors of Co-Nationals’ Preference over Immigrants in Accessing Jobs—Evidence from World Values Survey," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-29, February.
    2. Fakih, Ali & El Baba, Malak, 2023. "The Decision to Emigrate in Six MENA Countries: The Role of Post-Revolutionary Stress," IZA Discussion Papers 15933, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    gender inequality; institutions sociales; Inégalités de genre; migrations Sud-Sud; social institutions; South-South migration;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F22 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - International Migration
    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
    • O15 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Economic Development: Human Resources; Human Development; Income Distribution; Migration

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