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A sectoral taxonomy of AI intensity

Author

Listed:
  • Flavio Calvino
  • Hélène Dernis
  • Lea Samek
  • Antonio Ughi

Abstract

This work proposes a sectoral taxonomy of AI intensity, outlining different dimensions that characterise the extent to which AI relates to the activity of economic sectors. Focusing on AI human capital, AI innovation, exposure to and use of AI, the taxonomy provides a novel multifaceted perspective and reveals significant heterogeneity across sectors and indicators. While some sectors, such as IT services, score high along all the dimensions considered, others, such as Pharmaceuticals, exhibit more considerable heterogeneity (high AI human capital but low AI innovation). The taxonomy can be a useful tool for future policy-relevant analyses aimed at exploring empirically the role of AI and the implications of its diffusion.

Suggested Citation

  • Flavio Calvino & Hélène Dernis & Lea Samek & Antonio Ughi, 2024. "A sectoral taxonomy of AI intensity," OECD Artificial Intelligence Papers 30, OECD Publishing.
    • Handle: RePEc:oec:comaaa:30-en
    DOI: 10.1787/1f6377b5-en
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Jérôme Hambye-Verbrugghen & Stefano Bianchini & Paul E Brockway & Emmanuel Aramendia & Matthew K Heun & Zeke Marshall, 2025. "From twin transition to twice the burden? Digitalisation, energy demand, and economic growth," Post-Print hal-05460038, HAL.
    2. Francesca Lotti & Claudia Nobile, 2025. "The geography of innovation: patent insights into Europe's green and digital transitions," Questioni di Economia e Finanza (Occasional Papers) 945, Bank of Italy, Economic Research and International Relations Area.
    3. Hambye-Verbrugghen, Jérôme & Bianchini, Stefano & Brockway, Paul E. & Aramendia, Emmanuel & Heun, Matthew K. & Marshall, Zeke, 2026. "From twin transition to twice the burden? Digitalisation, energy demand, and economic growth," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 239(C).
    4. Bothner, Jonathan & Lopez-Garcia, Paloma & Momferatou, Daphne & Setzer, Ralph, 2026. "Why is Europe lagging behind in high tech sectors? The role of institutional and regulatory quality," Working Paper Series 3185, European Central Bank.
    5. Flavio Calvino & Luca Fontanelli, 2025. "Decoding AI: Nine facts about how firms use artificial intelligence in France," LEM Papers Series 2025/13, Laboratory of Economics and Management (LEM), Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy.
    6. Flavio Calvino & Luca Fontanelli, 2026. "Decoding AI: an early look at how French firms use AI," Eurasian Business Review, Springer;Eurasia Business and Economics Society, vol. 16(1), pages 51-93, March.

    More about this item

    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • C81 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Data Collection and Data Estimation Methodology; Computer Programs - - - Methodology for Collecting, Estimating, and Organizing Microeconomic Data; Data Access
    • O33 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences; Diffusion Processes
    • O34 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Intellectual Property and Intellectual Capital
    • J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity

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