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Artificial Intelligence and the Skill Premium

Author

Listed:
  • David E. Bloom
  • Klaus Prettner
  • Jamel Saadaoui
  • Mario Veruete

Abstract

How will the emergence of ChatGPT and other forms of artificial intelligence (AI) affect the skill premium? To address this question, we propose a nested constant elasticity of substitution production function that distinguishes among three types of capital: traditional physical capital (machines, assembly lines), industrial robots, and AI. Following the literature, we assume that industrial robots predominantly substitute for low-skill workers, whereas AI mainly helps to perform the tasks of high-skill workers. We show that AI reduces the skill premium as long as it is more substitutable for high-skill workers than low-skill workers are for high-skill workers.

Suggested Citation

  • David E. Bloom & Klaus Prettner & Jamel Saadaoui & Mario Veruete, 2024. "Artificial Intelligence and the Skill Premium," NBER Working Papers 32430, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    • Handle: RePEc:nbr:nberwo:32430
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    Cited by:

    1. Christina Gathmann & Felix Grimm & Erwin Winkler, 2024. "AI, Task Changes in Jobs, and Worker Reallocation," CESifo Working Paper Series 11585, CESifo.
    2. Barros, Fernando & Delalibera, Bruno & Ribeiro, Marcos, 2025. "Economic Complexity and Robot Adoption," MPRA Paper 125125, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 01 Jun 2025.
    3. Bucci, Alberto & Prettner, Klaus & Saadaoui, Jamel, 2025. "Robotic versus traditional capital complementarity and economic growth in the era of full automation," Department of Economics Working Paper Series 391, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business.
    4. Minniti, Antonio & Prettner, Klaus & Venturini, Francesco, 2025. "AI innovation and the labor share in European regions," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 177(C).
    5. Martin Lábaj & Tomáš Oleš & Gabriel Procházka, 2025. "Impact of robots and artificial intelligence on labor and skill demand: evidence from the UK," Eurasian Business Review, Springer;Eurasia Business and Economics Society, vol. 15(4), pages 953-1001, December.
    6. Ikeshita, Kenichiro, 2025. "Effects of automation and human investment on skill premium," Innovation and Green Development, Elsevier, vol. 4(2).
    7. Zhao, Yikai & Dai, Runyu & Nagayasu, Jun, 2025. "Generative AI: The transformative impact of ChatGPT on systemic financial risk in Chinese banks," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 93(C).
    8. Schetter, Ulrich & Schneider, Maik T. & Jäggi, Adrian, 2024. "Inequality, openness, and growth through creative destruction," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 222(C).
    9. Shi, Yu & Wu, Tong & Qin, Chuan & Liu, Bailu, 2025. "The value-creating potential of AI: A multi-dimensional analysis of effects and mechanisms," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 108(PB).

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • J30 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - General
    • O14 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Industrialization; Manufacturing and Service Industries; Choice of Technology
    • O15 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Economic Development: Human Resources; Human Development; Income Distribution; Migration
    • O33 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences; Diffusion Processes

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