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Are More Start-Ups Really Better? Quantity and Quality of New Businesses and Their Effect on Regional Development

Author

Listed:
  • Michael Fritsch

    (Friedrich Schiller University Jena, School of Economics and Business Administration)

  • Alexandra Schroeter

    (Friedrich Schiller University Jena, School of Economics and Business Administration)

Abstract

Empirical analyses suggest that the employment creating effect of start-ups is highest in regions with a low level of new business formation and that an increase in the regional start-up rate beyond a certain level may lead to negative employment effect. In explaining these results, we assume that the average quality of regional start-ups decreases with the number of start-ups, while the costs of the induced resource reallocation increase. Our model implies that it is not the number of start-ups but their quality that is decisive for their effect on economic development. Therefore, a policy aiming at stimulating economic growth through entrepreneurship should focus on high-quality start-ups.

Suggested Citation

  • Michael Fritsch & Alexandra Schroeter, 2009. "Are More Start-Ups Really Better? Quantity and Quality of New Businesses and Their Effect on Regional Development," Jena Economics Research Papers 2009-070, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena.
  • Handle: RePEc:jrp:jrpwrp:2009-070
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    File URL: https://oweb.b67.uni-jena.de/Papers/jerp2009/wp_2009_070.pdf
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    Cited by:

    1. Michael Fritsch & Alexandra Schroeter, 2011. "Does Quality Make a Difference?: Employment Effects of High- and Low-Quality Start-Ups," Discussion Papers of DIW Berlin 1128, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.
    2. Marcus Dejardin & Michael Fritsch, 2011. "Entrepreneurial dynamics and regional growth," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 36(4), pages 377-382, May.
    3. Sarah Kösters, 2010. "Subsidizing Start-Ups: Policy Targeting and Policy Effectiveness," Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade, Springer, vol. 10(3), pages 199-225, September.
    4. Gaofetoge Ntshadi Ganamotse & Mikael Samuelsson & Ruth, M. Abankwah & Tibaingana Anthony & Thuso Mphela, 2017. "The Emerging Properties of Business Accelerators: The Case of Botswana, Namibia and Uganda Global Business Labs," Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Emerging Economies, Entrepreneurship Development Institute of India, vol. 3(1), pages 16-40, January.
    5. Kent Eliasson & Hans Westlund, 2013. "Attributes influencing self-employment propensity in urban and rural Sweden," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 50(2), pages 479-514, April.
    6. Bos, J.W.B. & Stam, E., 2011. "Gazelles, industry growth and structural change," Research Memorandum 018, Maastricht University, Maastricht Research School of Economics of Technology and Organization (METEOR).
    7. Florian Noseleit, 2013. "Entrepreneurship, structural change, and economic growth," Journal of Evolutionary Economics, Springer, vol. 23(4), pages 735-766, September.
    8. László Szerb & Éva Komlósi & Balázs Páger, 2016. "Measuring Entrepreneurship and Optimizing Entrepreneurship Policy Efforts in the European Union," ifo DICE Report, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 14(03), pages 08-23, October.
    9. László Szerb & Éva Komlósi & Balázs Páger, 2016. "Measuring Entrepreneurship and Optimizing Entrepreneurship Policy Efforts in the European Union," ifo DICE Report, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 14(3), pages 08-23, October.
    10. Szerb Laszlo A. & Acs Zoltan & Autio Erkko, 2013. "Entrepreneurship and Policy: The National System of Entrepreneurship in the European Union and in Its Member Countries," Entrepreneurship Research Journal, De Gruyter, vol. 3(1), pages 9-34, January.
    11. Michael Fritsch & Sebastian von Engelhardt, 2010. "Who Starts with Open Source? Institutional Choice of Start-Ups in the German ICT Sector," Jena Economics Research Papers 2010-049, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena.
    12. Ioannis Giotopoulos & Alexandra Kontolaimou & Aggelos Tsakanikas, 2017. "Drivers of high-quality entrepreneurship: what changes did the crisis bring about?," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 48(4), pages 913-930, April.
    13. repec:ces:ifodic:v:14:y:2016:i:3:p:19255694 is not listed on IDEAS
    14. Andersson, Martin & Baltzopoulos, Apostolos & Lööf, Hans, 2012. "R&D strategies and entrepreneurial spawning," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 41(1), pages 54-68.
    15. Sarah Kösters & Martin Obschonka, 2011. "Public Business Advice in the Founding Process: An Empirical Evaluation of Subjective and Economic Effects," Environment and Planning C, , vol. 29(4), pages 577-604, August.
    16. Jaap W. B. Bos & Erik Stam, 2014. "Gazelles and industry growth: a study of young high-growth firms in The Netherlands," Industrial and Corporate Change, Oxford University Press, vol. 23(1), pages 145-169, February.
    17. Bruno Fischer & Paola Rücker Schaeffer & Sérgio Queiroz, 2019. "High-growth entrepreneurship in a developing country: Regional systems or stochastic process?," Contaduría y Administración, Accounting and Management, vol. 64(1), pages 59-60, Enero-Mar.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Entrepreneurship; new business formation; regional development; entrepreneurship policy;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • L26 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Entrepreneurship
    • M13 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Business Administration - - - New Firms; Startups
    • O1 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development
    • O18 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Urban, Rural, Regional, and Transportation Analysis; Housing; Infrastructure
    • R11 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Regional Economic Activity: Growth, Development, Environmental Issues, and Changes

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