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Struktur und Entwicklung der Pendlerbewegungen in der Lausitz

Author

Listed:
  • Kuhn, Sarah

    (Institute for Employment Research (IAB), Nuremberg, Germany)

  • Seibert, Holger

    (Institute for Employment Research (IAB), Nuremberg, Germany)

  • Weyh, Antje

    (Institute for Employment Research (IAB), Nuremberg, Germany)

Abstract

"Der demografische Wandel und der damit verbundene Fachkräftemangel stellen für die Lausitz eine große Herausforderung dar. Zusätzlich hat der Strukturwandel in Folge des Kohleausstiegs enorme Auswirkungen auf die Region. Im Jahr 2024 verließen etwas mehr als 102.000 Beschäftigte mit Wohnort in der Lausitz die Region auf dem Weg zu einer Arbeitsstätte außerhalb der Lausitz. Diese Personengruppe könnte als potenzielle Fachkräfteressource für die Lausitz angesehen werden. Um eine Entscheidung für oder gegen das Pendeln zu treffen, zählt aber schlussendlich der jeweilige Gesamtnutzen – Entgelt ist dabei zwar eine wichtige, aber nicht die einzige Komponente. Pendeln kann negative Auswirkungen auf das subjektive Wohlbefinden haben, wobei Entfernung und Zeitaufwand entscheidende Faktoren sind. Das Rückgewinnungspotenzial dürfte daher bei denjenigen Auspendler*innen am größten sein, die längere Strecken zu ihrem Arbeitsort außerhalb der Lausitz zurücklegen und dabei in einem Beruf arbeiten, in dem sie im Schnitt in der Lausitz mit einem ähnlichen oder nur geringfügig geringeren Gehalt rechnen können. Der vorliegende Bericht zeigt daher klare Grenzen für eine Rückgewinnung auf: Auspendler*innen verdienen im Schnitt besser als Beschäftigte mit Wohn- und Arbeitsort in der Lausitz. Sollen Auspendler*innen daher als Arbeitskräfte für die Region zurückgewonnen werden, ist es wichtig, dass es in der Lausitz entsprechende Jobs mit einem vergleichbaren Gehalt gibt. Zusätzlich müssen weitere Maßnahmen unternommen werden, um Arbeits- und Fachkräfteengpässen in der Lausitz entgegenzuwirken, die aufgrund des demografischen Wandels sowohl speziell in der Lausitz als auch generell in Sachsen und Brandenburg über die Jahre stetig zugenommen haben. Hierzu gehört beispielsweise das gezielte Anwerben von Fachkräften aus dem Ausland oder die attraktive Gestaltung der Region für junge Menschen, damit diese der Lausitz als Beschäftigte erhalten bleiben." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

Suggested Citation

  • Kuhn, Sarah & Seibert, Holger & Weyh, Antje, 2025. "Struktur und Entwicklung der Pendlerbewegungen in der Lausitz," IAB-Regional. Berichte und Analysen aus dem Regionalen Forschungsnetz. IAB Berlin-Brandenburg 202502, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany].
    • Handle: RePEc:iab:iabrbb:202502
    DOI: 10.48720/IAB.REBB.2502
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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