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Child care reforms and labor participation of migrant and native mothers

Author

Listed:
  • Fendel, Tanja

    (Institute for Employment Research (IAB), Nuremberg, Germany)

  • Jochimsen, Beate

    (DIW Berlin ; Hochschule für Wirtschaft und Recht Berlin)

Abstract

"As in other countries, also in Germany there has been large political effort to increase mothers' labor participation through child care provisions. However, it is an open question whether the latest child care reforms of 2013 are successful in this sense. While the introduction of a home care allowance, the so called 'Betreuungsgeld', for families not using public child care for their children aged one and two years was expected to have negative effects, the introduced legal claim for public child care for children of the same age group should increase the use of public child care and therefore speed up the mothers' return to work after child birth. For the analysis we use the German socio-economic panel (GSOEP) and apply a multivariate analysis within the framework of a two-step difference-in-difference approach. Against expectations, results indicate that the reform had no negative effects on labor market participation of migrant mothers in the short run. Effects for the whole sample and for native mothers turn out to be significant positive. The government's motivation for the 'Betreuungsgeld' was to compensate families for not claiming publicly supported child care (Reform part 1) and to support women to reenter the labor market quickly after having given birth (Reform part 2). In the short run the government seems to have reached both aims." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Suggested Citation

  • Fendel, Tanja & Jochimsen, Beate, 2017. "Child care reforms and labor participation of migrant and native mothers," IAB-Discussion Paper 201709, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany].
    • Handle: RePEc:iab:iabdpa:201709
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Franziska Zimmert, 2023. "Early child care and the employment potential of mothers: evidence from semi-parametric difference-in-differences estimation," Journal for Labour Market Research, Springer;Institute for Employment Research/ Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), vol. 57(1), pages 1-22, December.
    2. Knize Estrada, Veronika J., 2018. "Migrant women labor-force participation in Germany : Human capital, segmented labor market, and gender perspectives," IAB-Discussion Paper 201812, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany].
    3. Eric Schuss & Mohammed Azaouagh, 2021. "Combining parenthood and work: transmission channels and heterogeneous returns to early public childcare," Review of Economics of the Household, Springer, vol. 19(3), pages 641-676, September.
    4. Zimmert, Franziska, 2019. "Early child care and maternal employment: empirical evidence from Germany," IAB-Discussion Paper 201902, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany].
    5. Eric Schuss & Mohammed Azaouagh, 2023. "The expansion of early childcare and transitions to first and second birth in Germany," Bulletin of Economic Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 75(2), pages 476-507, April.
    6. Eric Schuss, 2020. "Do Ethnic Networks Ameliorate Education–Occupation Mismatch?," LABOUR, CEIS, vol. 34(4), pages 441-476, December.
    7. Samitha Udayanga, 2024. "Motherhood Penalty and Labour Market Integration of Immigrant Women: A Review on Evidence from Four OECD Countries," Societies, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-21, August.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Bundesrepublik Deutschland ; ausländische Frauen ; Auswirkungen ; berufliche Reintegration ; Kinderförderungsgesetz ; Beschäftigungseffekte ; Rechtsanspruch ; Erwerbsbeteiligung ; Inländer ; Mütter ; Betreuungsgeld ; Reformpolitik ; Frühpädagogik ; Arbeitskräfteangebot ; 2007-2014;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H31 - Public Economics - - Fiscal Policies and Behavior of Economic Agents - - - Household
    • J13 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Fertility; Family Planning; Child Care; Children; Youth
    • J22 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Time Allocation and Labor Supply

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