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Distance à la frontière technologique, rigidités de marché, éducation et croissance

Author

Listed:
  • Philippe Aghion

    (Department of Economics, Harvard University)

  • Philippe Askenazy

    (IZA - Institute for the Study of Labor - IZA, Centre de recherche de la Banque de France - Banque de France, PJSE - Paris-Jourdan Sciences Economiques - ENS-PSL - École normale supérieure - Paris - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - ENPC - École des Ponts ParisTech - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

  • Renaud Bourlès

    (GREQAM - Groupement de Recherche en Économie Quantitative d'Aix-Marseille - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - AMU - Aix Marseille Université - ECM - École Centrale de Marseille - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

  • Gilbert Cette

    (Centre de recherche de la Banque de France - Banque de France)

  • Nicolas Dromel

    (CES - Centre d'économie de la Sorbonne - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

Abstract

La présente étude s'inscrit dans la littérature récente sur les déterminants de la croissance selon la position technologique des pays. Outre les effets respectifs de l'éducation et des régulations sur les marchés des biens et du travail, elle explore aussi une possible interaction entre ces régulations. Des données portant sur 17 pays de l'OCDE sont mobilisées sur la période 1985-2003. Les principaux résultats originaux obtenus sont la caractérisation des effets du niveau de formation de la population en âge de travailler et des rigidités sur les marchés des biens et du travail sur la croissance de la productivité globale des facteurs (PGF). Pour les pays proches de la frontière technologique, ces effets seraient très significatifs. Une interaction entre les rigidités s'exerçant sur les deux marchés ressort nettement. Le fort impact du niveau d'éducation supérieure et des rigidités sur la croissance de la PGF semble traduire à la fois une influence directe et un effet transitant indirectement par la diffusion des TIC. Enfin, concernant le marché des biens, les composantes " barrières à l'entrée ", " structure du marché " et " degré d'intégration verticale " paraissent avoir une influence importante. Pour les pays éloignés de la frontière technologique, les résultats des estimations indiquent que le niveau de formation supérieure de la population en âge de travailler et les rigidités sur les marchés des biens et du travail n'ont pas nécessairement une influence significative sur la croissance de la PGF. Ces résultats soulignent l'importance des gains de croissance de la productivité, et donc de croissance potentielle, que certains pays industrialisés, principalement européens dont la France, pourraient attendre de la mise en œuvre de politiques visant à élever le niveau de formation de la main-d'œuvre en âge de travailler et à réduire simultanément les rigidités sur les marchés des biens et du travail.

Suggested Citation

  • Philippe Aghion & Philippe Askenazy & Renaud Bourlès & Gilbert Cette & Nicolas Dromel, 2008. "Distance à la frontière technologique, rigidités de marché, éducation et croissance," Post-Print halshs-00641126, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-00641126
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.2008.7725
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    Cited by:

    1. Christophe Cahn & Arthur Saint-Guilhem, 2010. "Potential output growth in several industrialised countries a comparison," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 39(1), pages 139-165, August.
    2. Gilbert Cette, 2014. "Does ICT Remain a Powerful Engine of Growth," Post-Print hal-01463929, HAL.
    3. Antonin Bergeaud & Gilbert Cette & Rémy Lecat, 2014. "Le produit intérieur brut par habitant sur longue période en France et dans les pays avancés : le rôle de la productivité et de l’emploi," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 474(1), pages 5-34.
    4. Gilbert Cette & Jimmy Lopez, 2012. "ICT demand behaviour: an international comparison," Economics of Innovation and New Technology, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 21(4), pages 397-410, June.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Rigidités de Marché; Croissance; Régulations; Education; Productivité;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O47 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - Empirical Studies of Economic Growth; Aggregate Productivity; Cross-Country Output Convergence
    • J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity
    • J68 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Public Policy
    • L40 - Industrial Organization - - Antitrust Issues and Policies - - - General
    • O57 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Comparative Studies of Countries

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