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Country profile – Ethiopia: Gender, climate change, and nutrition linkages

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  • Bealem, Tigist Endashaw
  • Ferguson, Nathaniel
  • Thomas, Timothy S.
  • Zerfu, Taddese Alemu
  • Bryan, Elizabeth

Abstract

This brief provides an overview of Ethiopia’s climate risks, gender dynamics, and nutrition challenges and includes discussion of how these issues are intertwined, an overview of the policy landscape, and recommendations for strengthening the integration of gender, climate change and nutrition in the country. With a population of approximately 126.5 million people as of 2023, Ethiopia ranks as the second most populous country in Africa and stands out as one of the region's fastest-growing economies, with an economic growth rate of almost 10% per year over the last 15 years (World Bank, 2024). Ethiopia’s agrifood system accounted for 48% of Ethiopia’s national GDP and 77.2% of employment in 2019. Pri mary agriculture alone contributed more than 1/3 of GDP and 2/3 of employment, while other parts of the agrifood system such as processing, trade, and input supply contributed 12.8 percent to GDP and 9.4 percent to employment (Diao et al., 2023). The sector is dominated by smallholder farmers who cultivate a diverse array of crops, including cereals, pulses, oilseeds, fruits, and vegetables (Dawid & Mohammed, 2021). Women make up more than 40% of the agriculture labor force and head approximately 25% of all farming households in the country (World Bank, 2019).

Suggested Citation

  • Bealem, Tigist Endashaw & Ferguson, Nathaniel & Thomas, Timothy S. & Zerfu, Taddese Alemu & Bryan, Elizabeth, 2025. "Country profile – Ethiopia: Gender, climate change, and nutrition linkages," Gender, Climate Change And Nutrition (GCAN) Integration Initiative Publications 174904, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
  • Handle: RePEc:fpr:gcanip:174904
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    File URL: https://hdl.handle.net/10568/174904
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Bachewe, Fantu Nisrane & Hirvonen, Kalle & Minten, Bart & Yimer, Feiruz, 2017. "The rising costs of nutritious foods in Ethiopia," ESSP research notes 67, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
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