IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/cte/wsrepe/ws1503.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Two-sample Hotelling's T² statistics based on the functional Mahalanobis semi-distance

Author

Listed:
  • Joseph, Esdras
  • Galeano San Miguel, Pedro
  • Lillo Rodríguez, Rosa Elvira

Abstract

The comparison of the means of two independent samples is one of the most popular problems in real-world data analysis. In the multivariate context, two-sample Hotelling's T² frequently used to test the equality of means of two independent Gaussian random samples assuming either the same or a different covariance matrix. In this paper, we derive two-sample Hotelling's T² from two functional distributions. The statistics that we propose are based on the functional Mahalanobis semi-distance and, under certain conditions, their asymptotic distributions are chisquared, regardless the distribution of the functional random samples. Additionally, we provide the link between the two-sample Hotelling's T² semi-distance and statistics based on the functional principal components semi-distance. A Monte Carlo study indicates that the twosample Hotelling's T² of power those based on the functional principal components semidistance. We analyze a data set of daily temperature records of 35 Canadian weather stations over a year with the goal of testing whether or not the mean temperature functions of the stations in the Eastern and Western Canada regions are equal. The results appear to indicate differences between both regions that are not found with statistics based on the functional principal components semi-distance.

Suggested Citation

  • Joseph, Esdras & Galeano San Miguel, Pedro & Lillo Rodríguez, Rosa Elvira, 2015. "Two-sample Hotelling's T² statistics based on the functional Mahalanobis semi-distance," DES - Working Papers. Statistics and Econometrics. WS ws1503, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. Departamento de Estadística.
    • Handle: RePEc:cte:wsrepe:ws1503
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://e-archivo.uc3m.es/bitstream/handle/10016/20253/ws1503.pdf?sequence=1
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Lajos Horváth & Piotr Kokoszka & Ron Reeder, 2013. "Estimation of the mean of functional time series and a two-sample problem," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 75(1), pages 103-122, January.
    2. Joseph, Esdras & Galeano San Miguel, Pedro & Lillo Rodríguez, Rosa Elvira, 2013. "The Mahalanobis distance for functional data with applications to classification," DES - Working Papers. Statistics and Econometrics. WS ws131312, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. Departamento de Estadística.
    3. Mas, André, 2007. "Weak convergence in the functional autoregressive model," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 98(6), pages 1231-1261, July.
    4. Cuevas, Antonio & Febrero, Manuel & Fraiman, Ricardo, 2004. "An anova test for functional data," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 47(1), pages 111-122, August.
    5. Yehua Li & Naisyin Wang & Raymond J. Carroll, 2013. "Selecting the Number of Principal Components in Functional Data," Journal of the American Statistical Association, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 108(504), pages 1284-1294, December.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Balogoun, Armando Sosthène Kali & Nkiet, Guy Martial & Ogouyandjou, Carlos, 2021. "Asymptotic normality of a generalized maximum mean discrepancy estimator," Statistics & Probability Letters, Elsevier, vol. 169(C).
    2. Kraus, David, 2019. "Inferential procedures for partially observed functional data," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 173(C), pages 583-603.
    3. Jiang, Qing & Hušková, Marie & Meintanis, Simos G. & Zhu, Lixing, 2019. "Asymptotics, finite-sample comparisons and applications for two-sample tests with functional data," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 170(C), pages 202-220.
    4. Kyunghee Han & Pantelis Z Hadjipantelis & Jane-Ling Wang & Michael S Kramer & Seungmi Yang & Richard M Martin & Hans-Georg Müller, 2018. "Functional principal component analysis for identifying multivariate patterns and archetypes of growth, and their association with long-term cognitive development," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(11), pages 1-18, November.
    5. Pini, Alessia & Stamm, Aymeric & Vantini, Simone, 2018. "Hotelling’s T2 in separable Hilbert spaces," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 167(C), pages 284-305.
    6. Qiu, Zhiping & Chen, Jianwei & Zhang, Jin-Ting, 2021. "Two-sample tests for multivariate functional data with applications," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 157(C).
    7. J. A. Cuesta-Albertos & M. Febrero-Bande & M. Oviedo de la Fuente, 2017. "The $$\hbox {DD}^G$$ DD G -classifier in the functional setting," TEST: An Official Journal of the Spanish Society of Statistics and Operations Research, Springer;Sociedad de Estadística e Investigación Operativa, vol. 26(1), pages 119-142, March.
    8. Cerovecki, Clément & Hörmann, Siegfried, 2017. "On the CLT for discrete Fourier transforms of functional time series," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 282-295.
    9. Ana-Maria Staicu & Yingxing Li & Ciprian M. Crainiceanu & David Ruppert, 2014. "Likelihood Ratio Tests for Dependent Data with Applications to Longitudinal and Functional Data Analysis," Scandinavian Journal of Statistics, Danish Society for Theoretical Statistics;Finnish Statistical Society;Norwegian Statistical Association;Swedish Statistical Association, vol. 41(4), pages 932-949, December.
    10. Zhang, Xianyang, 2016. "White noise testing and model diagnostic checking for functional time series," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 194(1), pages 76-95.
    11. Xiuli Du & Xiaohu Jiang & Jinguan Lin, 2023. "Multinomial Logistic Factor Regression for Multi-source Functional Block-wise Missing Data," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 88(3), pages 975-1001, September.
    12. Huang, Lele & Zhao, Junlong & Wang, Huiwen & Wang, Siyang, 2016. "Robust shrinkage estimation and selection for functional multiple linear model through LAD loss," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 384-400.
    13. Yin, Xu & Wang, Jing & Li, Yurui & Feng, Zhiming & Wang, Qianyi, 2021. "Are small towns really inefficient? A data envelopment analysis of sampled towns in Jiangsu province, China," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 109(C).
    14. Chen, Yichao & Pun, Chi Seng, 2019. "A bootstrap-based KPSS test for functional time series," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 174(C).
    15. van Delft, Anne, 2020. "A note on quadratic forms of stationary functional time series under mild conditions," Stochastic Processes and their Applications, Elsevier, vol. 130(7), pages 4206-4251.
    16. Ghiglietti, Andrea & Paganoni, Anna Maria, 2017. "Exact tests for the means of Gaussian stochastic processes," Statistics & Probability Letters, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 102-107.
    17. Flores Díaz, Ramón Jesús & Lillo Rodríguez, Rosa Elvira & Romo, Juan, 2014. "Homogeneity test for functional data based on depth measures," DES - Working Papers. Statistics and Econometrics. WS ws140101, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. Departamento de Estadística.
    18. Andrea Martino & Andrea Ghiglietti & Francesca Ieva & Anna Maria Paganoni, 2019. "A k-means procedure based on a Mahalanobis type distance for clustering multivariate functional data," Statistical Methods & Applications, Springer;Società Italiana di Statistica, vol. 28(2), pages 301-322, June.
    19. Jin-Ting Zhang & Xuehua Liang, 2014. "One-Way anova for Functional Data via Globalizing the Pointwise F-test," Scandinavian Journal of Statistics, Danish Society for Theoretical Statistics;Finnish Statistical Society;Norwegian Statistical Association;Swedish Statistical Association, vol. 41(1), pages 51-71, March.
    20. Álvarez-Liébana, Javier & Bosq, Denis & Ruiz-Medina, María D., 2016. "Consistency of the plug-in functional predictor of the Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process in Hilbert and Banach spaces," Statistics & Probability Letters, Elsevier, vol. 117(C), pages 12-22.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Functional data analysis;

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:cte:wsrepe:ws1503. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Ana Poveda (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://portal.uc3m.es/portal/page/portal/dpto_estadistica .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.