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Institutional Integration and Productivity Growth: Evidence from the 1995 Enlargement of the European Union

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  • Coricelli, Fabrizio
  • Campos, Nauro
  • Franceschi, Emanuele

Abstract

This paper studies the productivity effects of integration deepening. The identification strategy exploits the 1995 European Union (EU) enlargement, when all candidate countries joined the Single Market but one — Norway — did not join the EU. Our synthetic difference-in-differences estimates on sectoral and regional data suggest had Norway chosen deeper integration, the average Norwegian region would have experienced an increase in yearly productivity growth of about 0.6 percentage points. This method also helps determining the sources of heterogeneity, apparently inherent to integration, highlighting higher costs of the missed deeper integration for more peripheral regions and industrial sector.

Suggested Citation

  • Coricelli, Fabrizio & Campos, Nauro & Franceschi, Emanuele, 2021. "Institutional Integration and Productivity Growth: Evidence from the 1995 Enlargement of the European Union," CEPR Discussion Papers 16696, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    • Handle: RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:16696
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    3. Makram El-Shagi & Steven Yamarik, 2023. "Growth Effects of EU Expansion: A Penalized Synthetic Control Method," CFDS Discussion Paper Series 2023/4, Center for Financial Development and Stability at Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China.
    4. Cho, Sang-Wook (Stanley) & Wong, Sally, 2025. "Monetary regimes and regional economies: A counterfactual perspective from two euro opt-outs," Journal of Macroeconomics, Elsevier, vol. 85(C).
    5. Avendano, Rolando & Tani, Massimiliano & Tolin, Lovely C., 2024. "Regionalism, Productivity, and Innovation," IZA Discussion Papers 17495, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
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    8. He, Peiming & Zhang, Jiaming & Xu, Xuelu & Lin, Chuan & Chen, Litai, 2024. "Unintended environmental gains: The impact of China–Europe Railway Express on carbon dioxide emissions in China," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 153(C), pages 127-140.
    9. Gracia-Lázaro, Carlos & Dercole, Fabio & Moreno, Yamir, 2022. "Dynamics of economic unions: An agent-based model to investigate the economic and social drivers of withdrawals," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 160(C).
    10. Bai, Dongbei & Hu, Jin & Irfan, Muhammad & Hu, Mingjun, 2023. "Unleashing the impact of ecological civilization pilot policies on green technology innovation: Evidence from a novel SC-DID model," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 125(C).

    More about this item

    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • C33 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Models with Panel Data; Spatio-temporal Models
    • F15 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Economic Integration
    • F55 - International Economics - - International Relations, National Security, and International Political Economy - - - International Institutional Arrangements
    • O43 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - Institutions and Growth
    • O52 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Europe

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