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The Anatomy of Cyber Risk

Author

Listed:
  • Rey, Hélène
  • Jamilov, Rustam
  • Tahoun, Ahmed

Abstract

We construct novel text-based measures of firm-level cyber risk exposure based on quarterly earnings calls of 12,000+ firms from 85 countries over 20+ years. We categorize each cyber-related discussion into topics that capture sentiment, monetary loss, country names, etc. We document new facts on the worldwide rise of cyber risk and its industrial and geographical composition. We characterize most affected firms and show that our indices can predict future cyberattacks. Cyber risk exposure has significant direct and contagion effects on stock returns. Finally, there is a factor structure in our firm-level measures and shocks to the common factor are priced.

Suggested Citation

  • Rey, Hélène & Jamilov, Rustam & Tahoun, Ahmed, 2021. "The Anatomy of Cyber Risk," CEPR Discussion Papers 16217, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    • Handle: RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:16217
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    Cited by:

    1. is not listed on IDEAS
    2. Chang, Jin-Wook & Jayachandran, Kartik & Ramírez, Carlos A. & Tintera, Ali, 2024. "On the anatomy of cyberattacks," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 238(C).
    3. Boungou, Whelsy, 2023. "Cyber-attacks and banking intermediation," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 233(C).
    4. Daniel Celeny & Loic Mar'echal, 2024. "Cyber risk and the cross-section of stock returns," Papers 2402.04775, arXiv.org, revised Mar 2024.
    5. Crosignani, Matteo & Macchiavelli, Marco & Silva, André F., 2023. "Pirates without borders: The propagation of cyberattacks through firms’ supply chains," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 147(2), pages 432-448.
    6. Küsters Anselm & Andritzky Jochen, 2024. "Welche Rolle spielt das Thema Zukunft im Bundestag?," Wirtschaftsdienst, Sciendo, vol. 104(4), pages 252-257, April.
    7. Trinh, Vu Quang & Nguyen, Nga & Le, Phuong & Nguyen, Thao Ngoc, 2025. "Unraveling the ‘green-default paradox’: Assessing the influence of gender-diverse boards and socially responsible ratings," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 102(C).
    8. Anand, Kartik & Duley, Chanelle & Gai, Prasanna, 2022. "Cybersecurity and financial stability," Discussion Papers 08/2022, Deutsche Bundesbank.
    9. Zacharias Sautner & Laurence Van Lent & Grigory Vilkov & Ruishen Zhang, 2023. "Firm‐Level Climate Change Exposure," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 78(3), pages 1449-1498, June.
    10. Loic Mar'echal & Nathan Monnet, 2024. "Disentangling the sources of cyber risk premia," Papers 2409.08728, arXiv.org.
    11. Ramírez, Carlos A., 2025. "On equilibrium cyber risk," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 251(C).

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • G12 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Asset Pricing; Trading Volume; Bond Interest Rates
    • G14 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Information and Market Efficiency; Event Studies; Insider Trading
    • G15 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - International Financial Markets
    • G30 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - General
    • G32 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Financing Policy; Financial Risk and Risk Management; Capital and Ownership Structure; Value of Firms; Goodwill

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