Author
Listed:
- Brahim Boudarbat
- François Vaillancourt
Abstract
This report analyzes the alignment between education and employment among university graduates in Quebec. In a context where a growing proportion of the population is accessing higher education, it becomes essential to ensure that this investment in education translates into professional integration that reflects the skills acquired. The analysis is based on microdata from the Labour Force Survey (LFS) and the National Graduates Survey (NGS), used to examine the rate of skilled employment among these graduates. The indicators examined suggest that Quebec’s university system performs relatively well, on a Canadian scale, in terms of alignment between education and employment. Graduates working in Quebec are more likely to hold jobs that match both their level and field of study. They also report higher job satisfaction and are more likely to choose the same field of study if they had to do it again. However, inequalities persist in access to skilled employment, particularly based on immigrant status, visible minority status, and the presence of a disability. These findings highlight the importance of continuing to invest in the university system while ensuring its ongoing adaptation to labour market needs. This includes adjusting enrollment capacity in fields offering better employment prospects, strengthening practical training within university programs, and improving mechanisms that match the supply and demand of skills. It is also important to support young people in their educational choices in order to encourage informed decision-making. At the same time, employers have a key role to play: they should become more involved in preparing graduates for professional life and adopt inclusive recruitment and management practices to fully leverage all available talent in the labour market. Sustainable improvement in the alignment between education and employment requires coordinated action from educational institutions, employers, and public authorities. Ce rapport analyse l’adéquation entre les études et l’emploi chez les diplômés universitaires au Québec. Dans un contexte où une proportion croissante de la population accède aux études universitaires, il devient essentiel de s’assurer que cet investissement en éducation se traduise par une insertion professionnelle à la hauteur des compétences acquises. L’analyse repose sur les microdonnées de l’Enquête sur la population active (EPA) et de l’Enquête nationale auprès des diplômés (END), mobilisées afin d’évaluer le taux d’emploi qualifié chez ces diplômés. Les indicateurs examinés suggèrent que le système universitaire québécois affiche, à l’échelle canadienne, des performances relativement favorables en matière d’adéquation entre les études et l’emploi. Les diplômés travaillant au Québec sont plus susceptibles d’occuper un emploi correspondant à leur niveau et à leur domaine d’études. Ils se déclarent également plus satisfaits de leur emploi et plus enclins à choisir le même domaine d’études si c’était à refaire. Des inégalités persistent toutefois dans l’accès à l’emploi qualifié, notamment selon le statut d’immigrant, l’appartenance à une minorité visible et la présence d’une incapacité. Ces résultats soulignent l’importance de poursuivre les investissements dans le système universitaire tout en veillant à son adaptation continue aux besoins du marché du travail. Cela passe notamment par l’ajustement des capacités d’accueil dans les filières offrant de meilleures perspectives d’emploi, par le renforcement de la formation pratique dans les programmes universitaires et par l’amélioration des mécanismes d’intermédiation entre l’offre et la demande de compétences. Il importe également d’accompagner les jeunes dans leurs choix éducatifs afin de favoriser des décisions éclairées. Parallèlement, les employeurs ont un rôle clé à jouer : ils devraient participer davantage à la préparation des diplômés à la vie professionnelle et adopter des pratiques de recrutement et de gestion inclusives afin de mobiliser pleinement l’ensemble des talents disponibles sur le marché du travail. L’amélioration durable de l’adéquation entre formation et emploi requiert une action concertée des établissements d’enseignement, des employeurs et des pouvoirs publics.
Suggested Citation
Brahim Boudarbat & François Vaillancourt, 2026.
"Adéquation études-emploi chez les diplômés universitaires au Québec,"
CIRANO Project Reports
2026rp-17, CIRANO.
Handle:
RePEc:cir:cirpro:2026rp-17
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JEL classification:
- I23 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Higher Education; Research Institutions
- J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity
- J62 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Job, Occupational and Intergenerational Mobility; Promotion
- J71 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Labor Discrimination - - - Hiring and Firing
- J28 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Safety; Job Satisfaction; Related Public Policy
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