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Urban Congestion Charging: Theory, Practice and Environmental Consequences

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  • Georgina Santos
  • David Newbery

Abstract

The theory of road pricing developed for single links suggests time and location varying charges equal to the marginal congestion cost at the efficient level of traffic. The second-best network counterpart is derived, but would be infeasible to implement. Cordon tolls are feasible, and their optimal level computed for eight towns. A cost-benefit study showed that with a suitable choice of location, all schemes were socially profitable, though with wide variations across towns. The environmental benefits of cordon tolls are measured and shown to correlate with optimal congestion tolls, but to be modest in size and not to affect the optimal toll.

Suggested Citation

  • Georgina Santos & David Newbery, 2001. "Urban Congestion Charging: Theory, Practice and Environmental Consequences," CESifo Working Paper Series 568, CESifo.
    • Handle: RePEc:ces:ceswps:_568
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    File URL: https://www.cesifo.org/DocDL/cesifo_wp568.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Santos, G. & Rojey, L. & Newbery, D.M., 2000. "The Environmental Benefits from Road Pricing," Cambridge Working Papers in Economics 0020, Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge.
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    Cited by:

    1. Catherine Althaus & Lindsay M. Tedds & Allen McAvoy, 2011. "The Feasibility of Implementing a Congestion Charge on the Halifax Peninsula: Filling the "Missing Link" of Implementation," Canadian Public Policy, University of Toronto Press, vol. 37(4), pages 541-561, December.
    2. Anas, Alex & Hiramatsu, Tomoru, 2013. "The economics of cordon tolling: General equilibrium and welfare analysis," Economics of Transportation, Elsevier, vol. 2(1), pages 18-37.
    3. Oliver Falck & Anita Dietrich & Astrid Janko & Tobias Kluth & Anita Wölfl, 2020. "Traffic Effects of a Congestion Charge in Munich," ifo Forschungsberichte, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, number 115.
    4. repec:ces:ifodic:v:3:y:2005:i:3:p:14567614 is not listed on IDEAS
    5. Ronnie Schöb, 2005. "Not optimal, but Effective: the Multi-Mode Ticket for Reducing Urban Traffic Congestion in Medium-Sized Towns," ifo DICE Report, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 3(3), pages 28-33, November.
    6. Özhan Yılmaz & Ebru Voyvoda, 2017. "An Integrated General Equilibrium Model for Evaluating Demographic, Social and Economic Impacts of Transport Policies," ERC Working Papers 1706, ERC - Economic Research Center, Middle East Technical University, revised Jun 2017.
    7. Ronnie Schöb, 2005. "Not optimal, but Effective: the Multi-Mode Ticket for Reducing Urban Traffic Congestion in Medium-Sized Towns," ifo DICE Report, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 3(03), pages 28-33, November.
    8. Jonathan Leape, 2006. "The London Congestion Charge," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 20(4), pages 157-176, Fall.

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