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Option pricing model under the G-expectation framework

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  • Ziting Pei
  • Xingye Yue
  • Xiaotao Zheng

Abstract

G-expectation, as a sublinear expectation, provides a powerful framework for modeling uncertainty in financial markets. Motivated by the need for robust valuation under model uncertainty, this work develops a unified risk-neutral valuation approach within the G-expectation environment, yielding a nonlinear generalization of the Black-Scholes model, termed the G-Black-Scholes equation. To enhance computational efficiency and reduce numerical cost, we introduce a logarithmic transformation of the asset price, which yields an alternative nonlinear PDE. Based on this transformed formulation, we design both explicit and implicit finite difference schemes that are rigorously demonstrated to be consistent, stable, monotone, and convergent to the viscosity solution. Numerical examples confirm that the proposed schemes achieve high accuracy, while the logarithmic transformation relaxes the stability constraints of explicit schemes and improves computational efficiency.

Suggested Citation

  • Ziting Pei & Xingye Yue & Xiaotao Zheng, 2026. "Option pricing model under the G-expectation framework," Papers 2603.22831, arXiv.org.
    • Handle: RePEc:arx:papers:2603.22831
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. T. J. Lyons, 1995. "Uncertain volatility and the risk-free synthesis of derivatives," Applied Mathematical Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 2(2), pages 117-133.
    2. Black, Fischer & Scholes, Myron S, 1973. "The Pricing of Options and Corporate Liabilities," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 81(3), pages 637-654, May-June.
    3. Heston, Steven L, 1993. "A Closed-Form Solution for Options with Stochastic Volatility with Applications to Bond and Currency Options," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 6(2), pages 327-343.
    4. M. Avellaneda & A. Levy & A. ParAS, 1995. "Pricing and hedging derivative securities in markets with uncertain volatilities," Applied Mathematical Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 2(2), pages 73-88.
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