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Yield effects of rust-resistant wheat varieties in Ethiopia

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  • Abro, Zewdu Ayalew
  • Jaleta, Moti
  • Qaim, Matin

Abstract

Breeding crops for disease resistance is a sustainable approach to reduce yield losses. While significant research on the adoption and impacts of improved crop varieties exists, most studies have analyzed yield effects in general, without distinguishing between different varietal traits and characteristics. Here, panel data from wheat farmers in Ethiopia are used to compare improved varieties that are resistant to stripe rust (caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) with improved susceptible and traditional susceptible varieties. Production function estimates suggest that improved resistant varieties raise effective yields by 8% in comparison to local susceptible varieties. The yield difference between improved resistant and improved susceptible varieties is positive but small, because rust levels were not very high in the years under study. However, under drought and other abiotic stresses, improved varieties – with and without resistance to stripe rust – perform notably worse than local varieties. The worse performance under abiotic stress may also explain why many farmers recently switched back to growing traditional varieties. Sustainable adoption needs a combination of various traits in the same varieties, including high yield potential, grain quality, disease resistance, and tolerance to drought and other production stresses.

Suggested Citation

  • Abro, Zewdu Ayalew & Jaleta, Moti & Qaim, Matin, "undated". "Yield effects of rust-resistant wheat varieties in Ethiopia," 2017 International Congress, August 28-September 1, 2017, Parma, Italy 261144, European Association of Agricultural Economists.
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:eaae17:261144
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.261144
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    Cited by:

    1. HAILU, Hiwot & TOLOSSA, Degefa, . "Impacts of adopting improved wheat varieties on household food security in Girar Jarso District, Ethiopia," Review of Agricultural and Applied Economics (RAAE), Faculty of Economics and Management, Slovak Agricultural University in Nitra, vol. 25(01).
    2. Toba Stephen Olasehinde & Fangbin Qiao & Shiping Mao, 2023. "Impact of Improved Maize Varieties on Production Efficiency in Nigeria: Separating Technology from Managerial Gaps," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-14, March.
    3. Teferi, Ermias Tesfaye & Kassie, Girma T. & Pe, Mario Enrico & Fadda, Carlo, 2020. "Are farmers willing to pay for climate related traits of wheat? Evidence from rural parts of Ethiopia," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 185(C).
    4. Abro, Z.A. & Debela, B.L., 2018. "Technical change through crop improvement: are there synergies or tradeoffs in land productivity and efficiency?," 2018 Conference, July 28-August 2, 2018, Vancouver, British Columbia 277086, International Association of Agricultural Economists.
    5. Khed, Vijayalaxmi & Jaleta, Moti & Krishna, Vijesh, 2021. "Seed Delivery Pathways and Farmers’ Access to Improved Wheat Varieties in Ethiopia and India," 2021 Conference, August 17-31, 2021, Virtual 315124, International Association of Agricultural Economists.

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