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What do we know about the future of diets and nutrition?

In: What do we know about the future of food systems?

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Listed:
  • Sulser, Timothy B.
  • Ruel, Marie T.
  • Thilsted, Shakuntala H.

Abstract

Diets continue to evolve and nutrition challenges are changing as diets shift from traditional to more modern ones that are higher in animal-source foods, refined grains, and processed and ultra-processed foods; high in saturated fats, sugar, and salt; and low in fiber. Important progress, though uneven, has been made over several decades in improving diets and nutrition, but these trends have reversed or slowed since 2010. Undernutrition has decreased over time, while micronutrient deficiencies have not. Overweight and obesity are rapidly rising in all low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and remain high in high-income countries. Multiple burdens of malnutrition coexist within countries, regions, communities, households, and individuals. Nutrition literature increasingly highlights the multiple burdens of malnutrition but rarely looks explicitly at future trajectories for nutritional indicators. Simulation studies explore alternative futures explicitly and give a good indication regarding dietary trends but are limited with respect to nutritional outcome trends. A critical need and opportunity exist for more work that combines nutrition with foresight modeling, particularly with a focus on LMICs.

Suggested Citation

  • Sulser, Timothy B. & Ruel, Marie T. & Thilsted, Shakuntala H., 2025. "What do we know about the future of diets and nutrition?," IFPRI book chapters, in: What do we know about the future of food systems?, chapter 3, pages p. 13-21, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
    • Handle: RePEc:fpr:ifpric:175111
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    File URL: https://hdl.handle.net/10568/175111
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Herforth, Anna & Venkat, Aishwarya & Bai, Yan & Costlow, Leah & Holleman, Cindy & Masters, William A., "undated". "Methods and options to monitor the cost and affordability of a healthy diet globally Background paper for The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2022," ESA Working Papers 324075, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Agricultural Development Economics Division (ESA).
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