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The shadow of fear: hate crime victimization and stress after Charlottesville

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  • Hellyer, Joshua
  • Gereke, Johanna

Abstract

Recent years have witnessed an increase in highly publicized attacks targeting members of ethnoracial and religious minority groups. To date, existing research has primarily focused on the tendency for such “trigger events” to generate violent aftershocks. We argue that beyond such ripple effects, highly salient trigger events significantly increase hate-crime related stress among racial and ethnic minorities. Additionally, we explore whether these effects are limited to the group most clearly targeted, or if they “spill over” to other minoritized communities. To study reactions to hate crimes, we draw upon national survey data ( N = 1,122) in combination with a natural experiment involving the Unite the Right rally and vehicle attack in Charlottesville, Virginia in August 2017. We employ an “unexpected event during survey” design to estimate the causal effect of the Charlottesville rally on stress about hate crimes. We first show that there was an increase in anti-Black hate crimes in the 2 weeks following the Charlottesville incident. We also find a corresponding increase in stress due to the perception of personal vulnerability to hate crimes among African-Americans. However, we do not observe a significant increase in levels of stress following the trigger event among Hispanics and Asian Americans. Our results suggest that highly publicized instances of intergroup violence can have significant impacts on stress about hate crime victimization within the target group. However, we find that this effect is short-lived, and that both violent aftershocks and the general climate of fear spurred by hate crimes may be racially bounded.

Suggested Citation

  • Hellyer, Joshua & Gereke, Johanna, 2024. "The shadow of fear: hate crime victimization and stress after Charlottesville," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 15, pages 1-12.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:espost:312551
    DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1384470
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Hopkins, Daniel J., 2010. "Politicized Places: Explaining Where and When Immigrants Provoke Local Opposition," American Political Science Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 104(1), pages 40-60, February.
    2. Isabelle Vegt & Maximilian Mozes & Paul Gill & Bennett Kleinberg, 2021. "Correction to: Online influence, offline violence: language use on YouTube surrounding the ‘Unite the Right’ rally," Journal of Computational Social Science, Springer, vol. 4(2), pages 921-923, November.
    3. Isabelle Vegt & Maximilian Mozes & Paul Gill & Bennett Kleinberg, 2021. "Online influence, offline violence: language use on YouTube surrounding the ‘Unite the Right’ rally," Journal of Computational Social Science, Springer, vol. 4(1), pages 333-354, May.
    4. Amalia Álvarez & Fabian Winter, 2018. "Normative change and culture of hate: An experiment in online environments," Discussion Paper Series of the Max Planck Institute for Research on Collective Goods 2018_03, Max Planck Institute for Research on Collective Goods.
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