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Routing of Automated Guided Vehicles for Battery Management With a Focus on the Reduction of Waiting Time at Battery Stations

Author

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  • Qazi Shaheen Kabir
  • Yoshinori Suzuki

Abstract

This research proposes a new routing heuristic for the battery management of automated guided vehicles (AGVs), which are used in many facilities for moving materials internally. This new heuristic, called the Minimum Waiting Battery Station (MWBS), focuses on reducing the total time an AGV needs to spend swapping its depleted battery with a fully charged one at a battery station. This total time includes travel time to a battery station and waiting time at that station. Specifically, this heuristic seeks the best timing to direct an AGV to a battery station such that: (1) its location to the nearest station is within an acceptable distance, and (2) the queue length at the nearest station is within an acceptable limit in order to reduce the waiting time at the station. Simulation models have been developed to test how this new heuristic performs relative to the relevant best heuristic currently available in the literature. Results show that the MWBS outperforms the best performing routing heuristic that is currently available in the literature for the battery management of AGVs. The paper also discusses the potential increase in the frequency of battery swaps and its cost implications when using this new heuristic.

Suggested Citation

  • Qazi Shaheen Kabir & Yoshinori Suzuki, 2025. "Routing of Automated Guided Vehicles for Battery Management With a Focus on the Reduction of Waiting Time at Battery Stations," Transportation Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 64(2), March.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:transj:v:64:y:2025:i:2:n:e70008
    DOI: 10.1002/tjo3.70008
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Rico Merkert & Kai Hoberg & Kumaraguru Mahadevan, 2023. "Logistics and Supply Chain Superpowers and Skills for Survival in the “New Normal” Globalized World," Transportation Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 62(4), pages 369-396, September.
    2. Vitaly Brazhkin & William J. Rose, 2023. "A Comparison of Three Popular Routing Policies for Lift‐truck Order Picking," Transportation Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 62(1), pages 79-99, January.
    3. Yoshinori Suzuki & Qazi Shaheen Kabir, 2015. "Green Vehicle Routing for Small Motor Carriers," Transportation Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 54(2), pages 186-212, April.
    4. Qazi Shaheen Kabir & Yoshinori Suzuki, 2019. "Comparative analysis of different routing heuristics for the battery management of automated guided vehicles," International Journal of Production Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 57(2), pages 624-641, January.
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