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Commodity Futures Characteristics and Asset Pricing Models

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  • Qin Yiyi
  • Jun Cai
  • Jie Zhu
  • Robert Webb

Abstract

A latent‐factor model based on the instrumented principal component analysis (IPCA) methodology of Kelly et al. outperforms existing factor models in explaining cross‐sectional variations in commodity futures returns. The model allows for observed commodity futures characteristics to work as instruments for unobservable dynamic factor loadings. We find that the relationship between characteristics and commodity futures returns is driven by compensation for exposure to latent risk factors (beta) rather than compensation for exposure to mispricing (alpha). Three latent factors deliver more powerful explanations than any number of observable factors. Among a collection of 20 characteristics, only three are significantly related to latent factor betas. These three characteristics are momentum, expected shortfall, and idiosyncratic volatility.

Suggested Citation

  • Qin Yiyi & Jun Cai & Jie Zhu & Robert Webb, 2025. "Commodity Futures Characteristics and Asset Pricing Models," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 45(3), pages 176-207, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:jfutmk:v:45:y:2025:i:3:p:176-207
    DOI: 10.1002/fut.22559
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    References listed on IDEAS

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