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What Accountants Need to Know about Blockchain

Author

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  • Jesús Calderón
  • Theophanis C. Stratopoulos

Abstract

Reports by professional organizations (e.g., AICPA, CPA Canada, and ICAEW) argue that blockchain adoption is likely to reduce the need for record‐keeping tasks and shift the accounting focus to higher‐level activities. To evaluate such expectations and form their own opinions, accounting professionals need to understand the way blockchain works in a business setting. The primary objective of this article is to provide the reader with the foundational knowledge needed to better understand reports such as those suggesting that blockchain will change the way auditors execute their engagements and generate new assurance opportunities for configuring policies in blockchain networks. Building on evidence indicating that the most promising use cases are from the logistics industry, we describe a blockchain implementation in a supply chain setting. Using a scaffolding approach, we start with a supply chain and describe how blockchain is implemented in one of its segments, before we show how a complete transaction is recorded on the ledger. Ce que les comptables doivent savoir à propos de la chaîne de blocs Des rapports publiés par des organismes professionnels (p. ex., AICPA, CPA Canada et ICAEW) soutiennent que l'adoption de la chaîne de blocs est susceptible de réduire les tâches liées à la tenue des dossiers et de réorienter les efforts du secteur de la comptabilité vers des activités de plus haut niveau. Pour évaluer ce type d'éventualités et se forger leur propre opinion, les professionnels de la comptabilité doivent comprendre de quelle façon la chaîne de blocs fonctionne en entreprise. Le principal objectif de la présente étude est de fournir au lecteur les rudiments nécessaires pour mieux comprendre les rapports sur la chaîne de blocs, comme ceux qui donnent à penser que cela changera la façon dont les auditeurs exécutent leurs missions et générera de nouvelles occasions sur le plan de l'assurance pour configurer des politiques dans les réseaux de chaînes de blocs. En nous appuyant sur les données indiquant que les cas d'utilisation les plus prometteurs proviennent du secteur de la logistique, nous décrivons la mise en œuvre d'une chaîne de blocs dans une chaîne d'approvisionnement. À l'aide d'une approche par étapes, nous présentons une chaîne d'approvisionnement, puis nous décrivons de quelle façon la chaîne de blocs est mise en œuvre dans un de ses segments, et enfin nous montrons comment une transaction complète est enregistrée dans le registre.

Suggested Citation

  • Jesús Calderón & Theophanis C. Stratopoulos, 2020. "What Accountants Need to Know about Blockchain," Accounting Perspectives, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 19(4), pages 303-323, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:accper:v:19:y:2020:i:4:p:303-323
    DOI: 10.1111/1911-3838.12240
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Alles, Michael & Gray, Glen L., 2020. "“The first mile problem”: Deriving an endogenous demand for auditing in blockchain-based business processes," International Journal of Accounting Information Systems, Elsevier, vol. 38(C).
    2. Hackius, Niels & Petersen, Moritz, 2017. "Blockchain in logistics and supply chain: Trick or treat?," Chapters from the Proceedings of the Hamburg International Conference of Logistics (HICL), in: Kersten, Wolfgang & Blecker, Thorsten & Ringle, Christian M. (ed.), Digitalization in Supply Chain Management and Logistics: Smart and Digital Solutions for an Industry 4.0 Environment. Proceedings of the Hamburg Inter, volume 23, pages 3-18, Hamburg University of Technology (TUHH), Institute of Business Logistics and General Management.
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    2. Marco Bellucci & Damiano Cesa Bianchi & Giacomo Manetti, 2021. "A literature review on blockchain in accounting research," Working Papers - Business wp2021_04.rdf, Universita' degli Studi di Firenze, Dipartimento di Scienze per l'Economia e l'Impresa.
    3. Hsieh, Sheng-Feng & Brennan, Gerard, 2022. "Issues, risks, and challenges for auditing crypto asset transactions," International Journal of Accounting Information Systems, Elsevier, vol. 46(C).
    4. Asuman Atik & Goksal Selahatdin Kelten, 2021. "Blockchain Technology and Its Potential Effects on Accounting: A Systematic Literature Review," Istanbul Business Research, Istanbul University Business School, vol. 50(2), pages 495-515, November.

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