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Conducting sensitivity analysis for unmeasured confounding in observational studies using E-values: The evalue package

Author

Listed:
  • Ariel Linden

    (Linden Consulting Group, LLC)

  • Maya B. Mathur

    (Harvard University)

  • Tyler J. VanderWeele

    (tvanderw@hsph.harvard.edu)

Abstract

In this article, we introduce the evalue package, which performs sensitivity analyses for unmeasured confounding in observational studies using the methodology proposed by VanderWeele and Ding (2017, Annals of Inter- nal Medicine 167: 268–274). evalue reports E-values, defined as the minimum strength of association on the risk-ratio scale that an unmeasured confounder would need to have with both the treatment assignment and the outcome to fully explain away a specific treatment-outcome association, conditional on the mea- sured covariates. evalue computes E-values for point estimates (and optionally, confidence limits) for several common outcome types, including risk and rate ra- tios, odds ratios with common or rare outcomes, hazard ratios with common or rare outcomes, standardized mean differences in outcomes, and risk differences.

Suggested Citation

  • Ariel Linden & Maya B. Mathur & Tyler J. VanderWeele, 2020. "Conducting sensitivity analysis for unmeasured confounding in observational studies using E-values: The evalue package," Stata Journal, StataCorp LP, vol. 20(1), pages 162-175, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:tsj:stataj:v:20:y:2020:i:1:p:162-175
    DOI: 10.1177/1536867X20909696
    Note: to access software from within Stata, net describe http://www.stata-journal.com/software/sj20-1/st0593/
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    Cited by:

    1. Chiara Cadeddu & Luca Regazzi & Guglielmo Bonaccorsi & Aldo Rosano & Brigid Unim & Robert Griebler & Thomas Link & Paola De Castro & Roberto D’Elia & Valeria Mastrilli & Luigi Palmieri, 2022. "The Determinants of Vaccine Literacy in the Italian Population: Results from the Health Literacy Survey 2019," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(8), pages 1-13, April.
    2. Jessica K. Bone & Feifei Bu & Jill K. Sonke & Daisy Fancourt, 2024. "Leisure engagement in older age is related to objective and subjective experiences of aging," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-8, December.
    3. Mathur, Maya B & Smith, Louisa & Yoshida, Kazuki & Ding, Peng & VanderWeele, Tyler, 2021. "E-values for effect heterogeneity and conservative approximations for causal interaction," OSF Preprints h6pru, Center for Open Science.
    4. James N. Druckman & Samara Klar & Yanna Krupnikov & Matthew Levendusky & John Barry Ryan, 2021. "Affective polarization, local contexts and public opinion in America," Nature Human Behaviour, Nature, vol. 5(1), pages 28-38, January.

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