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Is Firm Pricing State or Time Dependent? Evidence from U.S. Manufacturing

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  • Virgiliu Midrigan

    (New York University)

Abstract

If pricing is state dependent, firms are more likely to adjust whenever aggregate and idiosyncratic shocks reinforce each other and trigger desired price changes in the same direction. Using measures of technology shocks derived from production function estimates for four-digit U.S. manufacturing industries, I find that sectoral inflation rates are more sensitive to negative, as opposed to positive, technology disturbances in periods of higher economy-wide inflation, commodity price increases, and expansionary monetary policy shocks. I argue, using a state-dependent sticky price model that matches salient features of the U.S. microprice data, that these results suggest that pricing is state-dependent in U.S. manufacturing. © 2010 The President and Fellows of Harvard College and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

Suggested Citation

  • Virgiliu Midrigan, 2010. "Is Firm Pricing State or Time Dependent? Evidence from U.S. Manufacturing," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 92(3), pages 643-656, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:tpr:restat:v:92:y:2010:i:3:p:643-656
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    Cited by:

    1. Guimaraes, Bernardo & Mazini, Andre & Prince, Diogo de, 2016. "Time-dependent or State-dependent Pricing? Evidence from Firms' Response to Inflation Shocks," Brazilian Review of Econometrics, Sociedade Brasileira de Econometria - SBE, vol. 36(1), March.
    2. Kevin X. D. Huang & Jonathan L. Willis, 2018. "Sectoral Interactions and Monetary Policy under Costly Price Adjustments," Annals of Economics and Finance, Society for AEF, vol. 19(2), pages 337-374, November.
    3. Celio Feltrin & Bernardo Guimaraes, 2015. "Time-dependent or state-dependent pricing? Evidence from a large devaluation episode," Discussion Papers 1504, Centre for Macroeconomics (CFM).
    4. Acosta-Henao, Miguel & Alfaro, Laura & Fernández, Andrés, 2025. "Sticky capital controls," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 157(C).
    5. Jacopo Magnani & Aspen Gorry & Ryan Oprea, 2016. "Time and State Dependence in an Ss Decision Experiment," American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, American Economic Association, vol. 8(1), pages 285-310, January.
    6. Nilsen Øivind A. & Pettersen Per Marius & Bratlie Joakim, 2018. "Time-Dependency in Producers’ Price Adjustments: Evidence from Micro Panel Data," Review of Economics, De Gruyter, vol. 69(2), pages 147-168, August.
    7. repec:fgv:eesptd:382 is not listed on IDEAS
    8. Berger, David & Vavra, Joseph, 2018. "Dynamics of the U.S. price distribution," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 60-82.
    9. Choi, Chi-Young & Choi, Horag, 2016. "The role of two frictions in geographic price dispersion: When market friction meets nominal rigidity," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 1-27.
    10. Demery, David, 2012. "State-dependent pricing and the non-neutrality of money," Journal of Macroeconomics, Elsevier, vol. 34(4), pages 933-944.
    11. Brent, Neiman, 2011. "A state-dependent model of intermediate goods pricing," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 85(1), pages 1-13, September.
    12. Vivian Malta & Rene Garcia & Carlos Carvalho & Marco Bonomo, 2015. "Persistent Monetary Non-neutrality in an Estimated Model with Menu Costs and Partially Costly Information," 2015 Meeting Papers 1339, Society for Economic Dynamics.
    13. Bo E. Honor√ & Daniel Kaufmann & Sarah Lein, 2012. "Asymmetries in Price-Setting Behavior: New Microeconometric Evidence from Switzerland," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 44, pages 211-236, December.
    14. Rene Garcia & Carlos Carvalho & Marco Bonomo, 2013. "Time- and State-Dependent Pricing: A Unified Framework," 2013 Meeting Papers 759, Society for Economic Dynamics.
    15. Chi‐Young Choi, 2010. "Reconsidering the Relationship between Inflation and Relative Price Variability," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 42(5), pages 769-798, August.
    16. Sven Anders & Richard Volpe & Thomas Bittmann, 2023. "Price rigidity, wholesale price passthrough, and quality‐tiered private labels," Managerial and Decision Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 44(6), pages 3002-3015, September.
    17. Andersson, Jonas & Nilsen, Øivind A. & Skaug, Hans J., 2025. "Mixed Frequency Data in a Heterogenous Sticky Price Model," Discussion Papers 2025/26, Norwegian School of Economics, Department of Business and Management Science.
    18. David Demery, 2010. "State-Dependent Pricing and the Non-Neutrality of Money," Bristol Economics Discussion Papers 10/615, School of Economics, University of Bristol, UK.
    19. Guimaraes, Bernardo & Feltrin Jr, Celio, 2016. "Time-Dependent or State-Dependent Pricing? Evidence From a Large Devaluation," Brazilian Review of Econometrics, Sociedade Brasileira de Econometria - SBE, vol. 36(2), November.
    20. Timo Henckel & Gordon Menzies & Peter Moffat & Daniel J. Zizzo, 2017. "Sticky Belief Adjustment: A Double Hurdle Model and Experimental Evidence," Working Paper Series 40, Economics Discipline Group, UTS Business School, University of Technology, Sydney.

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • E31 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Price Level; Inflation; Deflation
    • E32 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Business Fluctuations; Cycles

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