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Do Port State Control Inspections Influence Flag- and Class-hopping Phenomena in Shipping?

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  • Pierre Cariou
  • François-Charles Wolff

Abstract

The flag of registry and classification society are an integral part of the target factors used by Port State Control (PSC) authorities when deciding on vessels to select for inspection. A shipowner may then have an interest in changing the flag of registry (flag-hopping) and classification society (class-hopping) to avoid future controls. Using data on PSCs collected over six years from 7,500 vessels, we study the relevance of this assumption using bivariate Probit models. Our estimates show that vessels in relatively bad condition are more likely to be subject to flag- and class-hopping and that these phenomena are more likely among vessels which have changed flag and class in the past. © 2011 LSE and the University of Bath

Suggested Citation

  • Pierre Cariou & François-Charles Wolff, 2011. "Do Port State Control Inspections Influence Flag- and Class-hopping Phenomena in Shipping?," Journal of Transport Economics and Policy, University of Bath, vol. 45(2), pages 155-177, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:tpe:jtecpo:v:45:y:2011:i:2:p:155-177
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    Cited by:

    1. Wang, Shuaian & Yan, Ran & Qu, Xiaobo, 2019. "Development of a non-parametric classifier: Effective identification, algorithm, and applications in port state control for maritime transportation," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 128(C), pages 129-157.
    2. François Fulconis & Raphael Lissillour, 2021. "Toward a behavioral approach of international shipping: a study of the inter-organisational dynamics of maritime safety," Journal of Shipping and Trade, Springer, vol. 6(1), pages 1-23, December.
    3. Mitroussi, Kyriaki & Arghyrou, Michael G., 2016. "Institutional performance and ship registration," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 90-106.
    4. Roar Adland & Haiying Jia, 2018. "Dynamic speed choice in bulk shipping," Maritime Economics & Logistics, Palgrave Macmillan;International Association of Maritime Economists (IAME), vol. 20(2), pages 253-266, June.
    5. Xiao, Yi & Qi, Guanqiu & Jin, Mengjie & Yuen, Kum Fai & Chen, Zhuo & Li, Kevin X., 2021. "Efficiency of Port State Control inspection regimes: A comparative study," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 106(C), pages 165-172.
    6. Graziano, Armando & Mejia, Maximo Q. & Schröder-Hinrichs, Jens-Uwe, 2018. "Achievements and challenges on the implementation of the European Directive on Port State Control," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 97-108.
    7. Maria I. Chondrokouki & Andrianos E. Tsekrekos, 2022. "Freight rate volatility and flag-switching decisions," Maritime Economics & Logistics, Palgrave Macmillan;International Association of Maritime Economists (IAME), vol. 24(2), pages 395-414, June.
    8. Wang, Ruihan & Zhang, Mingyang & Gong, Fuzhong & Wang, Shaohan & Yan, Ran, 2025. "Improving port state control through a transfer learning-enhanced XGBoost model," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 253(C).
    9. Wang, Yuhong & Zhang, Fan & Yang, Zhisen & Yang, Zaili, 2021. "Incorporation of deficiency data into the analysis of the dependency and interdependency among the risk factors influencing port state control inspection," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 206(C).
    10. Fan, Lixian & Luo, Meifeng & Yin, Jinbo, 2014. "Flag choice and Port State Control inspections—Empirical evidence using a simultaneous model," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 35(C), pages 350-357.
    11. Manolis Kavussanos & Siri Pettersen Strandenes & Helen Thanopoulou, 2022. "Special issue: ends of eras and new beginnings: twenty-first century challenges for shipping," Maritime Economics & Logistics, Palgrave Macmillan;International Association of Maritime Economists (IAME), vol. 24(2), pages 347-367, June.
    12. Cariou, Pierre & Wolff, Francois-Charles, 2015. "Identifying substandard vessels through Port State Control inspections: A new methodology for Concentrated Inspection Campaigns," Marine Policy, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 27-39.
    13. Armando Graziano & Pierre Cariou & François-Charles Wolff & Maximo Mejia & Jens-Uwe Schröder-Hinrichs, 2017. "Port state control inspections in the European Union: Do inspector's number and background matter?," Working Papers halshs-01649418, HAL.

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