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The double load factor problem of Ro-Ro shipping

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  • Harald M. Hjelle

Abstract

Maritime transport is regarded the most environmentally friendly mode of transport in many policy papers and has received a lot of government support for moving cargo transports from road to sea. Most assessments of energy use and related carbon emissions in mode-choice settings have been based on energy use per deadweight tonnage figures for the maritime modes; thus, giving a very favourable picture for the sea-based alternatives. Whereas this may be relevant for bulk shipping, the situation is quite different for Ro-Ro shipping—which is the most relevant alternative for intra-continental transports. Through representation of a number of realistic intra-European multi-modal trade links, with different mixes of modes of transport—energy use and emissions from these various chains are presented. The outcome of this case study is not very favourable for the maritime transport alternatives. This could partly be attributed to the very different regulatory environments these sectors have been subject to, and partly to ‘the double load factor problem’ of Ro-Ro shipping. Half-full trailers on half-full decks may very well jeopardize the comparative advantage of maritime transport alternatives.

Suggested Citation

  • Harald M. Hjelle, 2011. "The double load factor problem of Ro-Ro shipping," Maritime Policy & Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 38(3), pages 235-249, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:marpmg:v:38:y:2011:i:3:p:235-249
    DOI: 10.1080/03088839.2011.572697
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    Cited by:

    1. Baird, Alfred J. & Pedersen, Roy N., 2013. "Analysis of CO2 emissions for island ferry services," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 32(C), pages 77-85.
    2. Adland, Roar & Jia, Haiying & Strandenes, Siri P., 2018. "The determinants of vessel capacity utilization: The case of Brazilian iron ore exports," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 191-201.
    3. Merkel, Axel & Lindgren, Samuel, 2022. "Effects of fairway dues on the deployment and utilization of vessels: Lessons from a regression discontinuity design," Working Papers 2022:3, Swedish National Road & Transport Research Institute (VTI).
    4. Merkel, Axel & Lindgren, Samuel, 2022. "Effects of fairway dues on the deployment and utilization of vessels: Lessons from a regression discontinuity design," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 204-214.
    5. Abisai Konstantinus & Mark Zuidgeest & Anastasia Christodoulou & Zeeshan Raza & Johan Woxenius, 2019. "Barriers and Enablers for Short Sea Shipping in the Southern African Development Community," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-16, March.
    6. Alessandra Renna & Marco Petrelli & Stefano Carrese & Riccardo Bertocci, 2021. "An Innovative Simulation Agent-Based Model for the Combined Sea-Road Transport as a DSS," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-17, September.
    7. Morales-Fusco, Pau & Saurí, Sergi & Lago, Alejandro, 2012. "Potential freight distribution improvements using motorways of the sea," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 24(C), pages 1-11.

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