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Interdependence between US and European military spending: a panel cointegration analysis (1988-2013)

Author

Listed:
  • Raul Caruso
  • Marco Di Domizio

Abstract

The aim of this article is to study the interdependence of military spending between US and a panel of European countries in the period 1988-2013. The empirical estimation is based on a: (1) unit root tests and a cointegration analysis and (2) fully modified ordinary least squares and dynamic ordinary least squares estimations. General results highlight that military spending of European countries is: (1) positively associated with US military spending and (2) negatively associated with average military spending of other European countries.

Suggested Citation

  • Raul Caruso & Marco Di Domizio, 2016. "Interdependence between US and European military spending: a panel cointegration analysis (1988-2013)," Applied Economics Letters, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 23(4), pages 302-305, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:apeclt:v:23:y:2016:i:4:p:302-305
    DOI: 10.1080/13504851.2015.1071466
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Ortiz, Cristian & Alvarado, Rafael & Salinas, Aldo, 2019. "The effect of military spending on output: New evidence at the global and country group levels using panel data cointegration techniques," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 402-414.
    2. Bove Vincenzo & Elia Leandro & Pelliccia Marco, 2016. "Centrality in Trade Networks and Investment in Security," Peace Economics, Peace Science, and Public Policy, De Gruyter, vol. 22(1), pages 27-39, January.
    3. Douch Mohamed & Solomon Binyam, 2018. "Status or Security: The Case of the Middle East and North Africa Region," Peace Economics, Peace Science, and Public Policy, De Gruyter, vol. 24(3), pages 1-12, September.
    4. Saba Charles Shaaba, 2021. "Convergence or Divergence Patterns in Global Defence Spending: Further Evidence from a Nonlinear Single Factor Model," Peace Economics, Peace Science, and Public Policy, De Gruyter, vol. 27(1), pages 51-90, February.
    5. Caruso Raul & Di Domizio Marco, 2015. "The Impact of US Military Spending on Public Debt in Europe (1992–2013): A Note," Peace Economics, Peace Science, and Public Policy, De Gruyter, vol. 21(4), pages 459-466, December.
    6. Osabuohien-Irabor Osarumwense & Julian I. Mbegbu, 2017. "Power and Size analysis of Co-integration tests in Conditional Heteroskedascity: A Monte Carlo Simulation," Romanian Statistical Review, Romanian Statistical Review, vol. 65(3), pages 17-34, September.
    7. Antonella Biscione & Raul Caruso, 2021. "Military Expenditures and Income Inequality Evidence from a Panel of Transition Countries (1990-2015)," Defence and Peace Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 32(1), pages 46-67, January.
    8. Caruso Raul & Antonella Biscione, 2022. "Militarization and Income Inequality in European Countries (2000–2017)," Peace Economics, Peace Science, and Public Policy, De Gruyter, vol. 28(3), pages 267-285, September.
    9. Jacques Fontanel, 2019. "The military budget, a less and less significant indicator of the useful national defense effort," Working Papers hal-02422300, HAL.
    10. Anna Balestra & Raul Caruso, 2024. "Education and Military Expenditures: Countervailing Forces in Designing Economic Policy. A Contribution to the Empirics of Peace," DISCE - Working Papers del Dipartimento di Politica Economica dipe0035, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Dipartimenti e Istituti di Scienze Economiche (DISCE).
    11. Stamegna Marco & Bonaiuti Chiara & Maranzano Paolo & Pianta Mario, 2024. "The Economic Impact of Arms Spending in Germany, Italy, and Spain," Peace Economics, Peace Science, and Public Policy, De Gruyter, vol. 30(4), pages 393-422.
    12. Founta Konstantina & Kollias Christos & Tzeremes Panayiotis, 2025. "“You don’t Pay Your Bills You Get No Protection”: A Trump Effect on NATO Members’ Military Expenditures?," Peace Economics, Peace Science, and Public Policy, De Gruyter, vol. 31(2), pages 145-160.
    13. Pempetzoglou Maria, 2021. "A Literature Survey on Defense Expenditures – External Debt Nexus," Peace Economics, Peace Science, and Public Policy, De Gruyter, vol. 27(1), pages 119-141, February.

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • F52 - International Economics - - International Relations, National Security, and International Political Economy - - - National Security; Economic Nationalism
    • H56 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - National Security and War
    • H63 - Public Economics - - National Budget, Deficit, and Debt - - - Debt; Debt Management; Sovereign Debt

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