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Crops that feed the world: Production and improvement of cassava for food, feed, and industrial uses

Author

Listed:
  • Aditya Parmar

    (University of Kassel)

  • Barbara Sturm

    (University of Kassel
    Newcastle University)

  • Oliver Hensel

    (University of Kassel)

Abstract

Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is one of the oldest root and tuber crops, used by humans to produce food, feed and beverages. Currently, cassava is produced in more than 100 countries and fulfils the daily caloric demands of millions of people living in tropical America, Africa, and Asia. Its importance as a food security crop is high in Western, Central and Eastern Africa due to its ability to produce reasonable yields (~10 t/ha) in poor soils and with minimal inputs. Traditionally a famine reserve and a subsistence crop, the status of cassava is now evolving fast as a cash crop and as raw material in the production of starch (and starch based products), energy (bio-ethanol) and livestock feed in the major producing countries. Cassava leaves, which are rich in protein and beta-carotenoids, are also used as a vegetable and forage (fresh or dehydrated meal) in various parts of the world. In recent years, some of the problems in the production of cassava have been increasing infection with cassava mosaic disease (CMD), cassava brown streak disease (CBSD) and cassava bacterial blight (CBB). Inherent post-harvest physiological disorder (PPD) and cyanogenic glycosides (CG) are some of the most prominent challenges for scientists, producers and consumers in the post-production systems. Collaborative research in participatory plant breeding is ongoing at leading international research institutes such as IITA and CIAT to improve crop resistance to virus diseases, reduce PPD and CG, and improve the overall nutritional characteristics. Further research should also focus on post-production systems by developing enhanced storage and transportation techniques, mechanisation (peeling, size reduction, drying and dewatering) and improved packaging. Moreover, a robust national policy, market development, and dissemination and extension program are required to realise the full potential of innovations and technologies in cassava production and processing.

Suggested Citation

  • Aditya Parmar & Barbara Sturm & Oliver Hensel, 2017. "Crops that feed the world: Production and improvement of cassava for food, feed, and industrial uses," Food Security: The Science, Sociology and Economics of Food Production and Access to Food, Springer;The International Society for Plant Pathology, vol. 9(5), pages 907-927, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:ssefpa:v:9:y:2017:i:5:d:10.1007_s12571-017-0717-8
    DOI: 10.1007/s12571-017-0717-8
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Athanase Nduwumuremyi & Rob Melis & Paul Shanahan & Theodore Asiimwe, 2016. "Participatory appraisal of preferred traits, production constraints and postharvest challenges for cassava farmers in Rwanda," Food Security: The Science, Sociology and Economics of Food Production and Access to Food, Springer;The International Society for Plant Pathology, vol. 8(2), pages 375-388, April.
    2. Unknown, 1986. "Letters," Choices: The Magazine of Food, Farm, and Resource Issues, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 1(4), pages 1-9.
    3. Bradbury, J. Howard & Holloway, Warren D., 1988. "Chemistry of Tropical Root Crops: Significance for Nutrition and Agriculture in the Pacific," Monographs, Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, number 118050.
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    1. Aditya Parmar & Asnake Fikre & Barbara Sturm & Oliver Hensel, 2018. "Post-harvest management and associated food losses and by-products of cassava in southern Ethiopia," Food Security: The Science, Sociology and Economics of Food Production and Access to Food, Springer;The International Society for Plant Pathology, vol. 10(2), pages 419-435, April.
    2. Katrin Reincke & Elisa Vilvert & Anja Fasse & Frieder Graef & Stefan Sieber & Marcos A. Lana, 2018. "Key factors influencing food security of smallholder farmers in Tanzania and the role of cassava as a strategic crop," Food Security: The Science, Sociology and Economics of Food Production and Access to Food, Springer;The International Society for Plant Pathology, vol. 10(4), pages 911-924, August.
    3. Yohanis Ngongo & Tony Basuki & Bernard deRosari & Yosep Seran Mau & Kartika Noerwijati & Helena daSilva & Alfonso Sitorus & Noldy R. E. Kotta & Wani Hadi Utomo & Erwin Ismu Wisnubroto, 2022. "The Roles of Cassava in Marginal Semi-Arid Farming in East Nusa Tenggara—Indonesia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-22, April.
    4. Yang, Qi & Zhang, Daojun, 2021. "The influence of agricultural industrial policy on non-grain production of cultivated land: A case study of the “one village, one product” strategy implemented in Guanzhong Plain of China," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 108(C).
    5. Wang Yang & Junhui Xi & Zhihao Wang & Zhiheng Lu & Xian Zheng & Debang Zhang & Yu Huang, 2023. "Embedded Field Stalk Detection Algorithm for Digging–Pulling Cassava Harvester Intelligent Clamping and Pulling Device," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-20, November.

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