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Debris flows in the Lushan earthquake area: formation characteristics, rainfall conditions, and evolutionary tendency

Author

Listed:
  • Xiaojun Guo

    (Chinese Academy of Sciences
    CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences)

  • Xingchang Chen

    (Southwest University of Science and Technology)

  • Guohu Song

    (Sichuan Institute of Geological Engineering Investigation Group Co. LTD)

  • Jianqi Zhuang

    (Changan University)

  • Jianglin Fan

    (Sichuan Provincial Meteorological Observatory)

Abstract

Debris flows often occur in the mountainous watersheds of earthquake-affected areas, and in the Lushan earthquake area of southwestern China, they have become a significant hazard. In this study, the influencing factors and spatial distribution of debris flows were analyzed through a review of their occurrence history. Debris flows are mainly distributed in the northwestern part of the study area, which hosts the greatest density of active faults. The debris flows are generally formed by the ‘progressive bulking’ effect in channels, and deep incision, lateral erosion, and blockage breaking are common processes that amplify the magnitude of such debris flows. Rainfall thresholds for different types of debris flow were proposed to explain the spatial differences between debris-flow regions, and the temporal variations of those thresholds highlighted how the rainfall conditions required for the occurrence of debris flows have changed. Natural vegetation recovery, reduction in the availability of solid material, and artificial debris-flow control projects play important roles in raising the threshold of the rainfall conditions required for triggering debris flows.

Suggested Citation

  • Xiaojun Guo & Xingchang Chen & Guohu Song & Jianqi Zhuang & Jianglin Fan, 2021. "Debris flows in the Lushan earthquake area: formation characteristics, rainfall conditions, and evolutionary tendency," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 106(3), pages 2663-2687, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:nathaz:v:106:y:2021:i:3:d:10.1007_s11069-021-04559-2
    DOI: 10.1007/s11069-021-04559-2
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Dieter Rickenmann, 1999. "Empirical Relationships for Debris Flows," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 19(1), pages 47-77, January.
    2. Peng Cui & Jianqiang Zhang & Zongji Yang & Xiaoqing Chen & Yong You & Yong Li, 2014. "Activity and distribution of geohazards induced by the Lushan earthquake, April 20, 2013," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 73(2), pages 711-726, September.
    3. Peng Cui & Xiao-Qing Chen & Ying-Yan Zhu & Feng-Huan Su & Fang-Qiang Wei & Yong-Shun Han & Hong-Jiang Liu & Jian-Qi Zhuang, 2011. "The Wenchuan Earthquake (May 12, 2008), Sichuan Province, China, and resulting geohazards," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 56(1), pages 19-36, January.
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