IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/spr/nathaz/v105y2021i3d10.1007_s11069-020-04432-8.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

A portable rainfall simulator to evaluate the factors affecting soil erosion in the northwestern coastal zone of Egypt

Author

Listed:
  • Haytham M. Salem

    (East China University of Technology
    Desert Research Center)

  • Adil A. Meselhy

    (Desert Research Center)

Abstract

Soil erosion and the resulting sedimentation constitute major natural hazards that increase land degradation in the Mediterranean region. Understanding the behavior of soil erosion is of particular importance to control the degradation of productive soils. Therefore, a portable field rainfall simulator was designed to provide rainfall intensities in the range of 14 to 80 mm h−1. The simulator was tested in terms of Christiansen uniformity coefficients that ranged from 89 to 94% for the three full-jet nozzles used in this study, with median diameters ranged from 0.836 to 2.113 mm, showing an appropriate degree of accuracy. Furthermore, kinetic energy values ranged from 12.7 to 18.9 J m−2 mm−1, showing similarity to the natural rainfall occurs in the Mediterranean regions under conditions of low rainfall intensity. The applicability of the rainfall simulator in the dynamic processes of erosion characteristics was investigated in the northwestern coastal zone of Egypt. Five rainfall intensities (14, 21, 30, 36, and 45 mm h−1) were evaluated in three repetitions at three uncultivated sites having slope gradients of 5, 9, and 12%, forming 45 simulated rainfalls. The changes of sediment yield and runoff rate for the 45 simulated rainfalls were quantified. Altogether, the results indicated that runoff and sediment yield rates were substantially different between the rainfall intensities of 14 and 45 mm h−1 than those obtained between any other pairs of intensities under all soil gradients. Summing up the findings, the proposed rainfall simulator in this study can be used in future soil erosion studies.

Suggested Citation

  • Haytham M. Salem & Adil A. Meselhy, 2021. "A portable rainfall simulator to evaluate the factors affecting soil erosion in the northwestern coastal zone of Egypt," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 105(3), pages 2937-2955, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:nathaz:v:105:y:2021:i:3:d:10.1007_s11069-020-04432-8
    DOI: 10.1007/s11069-020-04432-8
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11069-020-04432-8
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: Access to the full text of the articles in this series is restricted.
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1007/s11069-020-04432-8?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Dlamini, P. & Orchard, C. & Jewitt, G. & Lorentz, S. & Titshall, L. & Chaplot, V., 2011. "Controlling factors of sheet erosion under degraded grasslands in the sloping lands of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 98(11), pages 1711-1718, September.
    2. Saskia Keesstra & Gerben Mol & Jan De Leeuw & Joop Okx & Co Molenaar & Margot De Cleen & Saskia Visser, 2018. "Soil-Related Sustainable Development Goals: Four Concepts to Make Land Degradation Neutrality and Restoration Work," Land, MDPI, vol. 7(4), pages 1-20, November.
    3. Saskia Visser & Saskia Keesstra & Gilbert Maas & Margot de Cleen & Co Molenaar, 2019. "Soil as a Basis to Create Enabling Conditions for Transitions Towards Sustainable Land Management as a Key to Achieve the SDGs by 2030," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(23), pages 1-19, November.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Saeed Sharafi & Mehdi Mohammadi Ghaleni & Deirdre Dragovich, 2023. "Simulated Runoff and Erosion on Soils from Wheat Agroecosystems with Different Water Management Systems, Iran," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-16, September.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Asghari, Shiva & Zeinalzadeh, Kamran & Kheirfam, Hossein & Habibzadeh Azar, Behnam, 2022. "The impact of cyanobacteria inoculation on soil hydraulic properties at the lab-scale experiment," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 272(C).
    2. Lucio Di Matteo & Alessandro Spigarelli & Sofia Ortenzi, 2020. "Processes in the Unsaturated Zone by Reliable Soil Water Content Estimation: Indications for Soil Water Management from a Sandy Soil Experimental Field in Central Italy," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-15, December.
    3. Saskia Keesstra & Jeroen Veraart & Jan Verhagen & Saskia Visser & Marit Kragt & Vincent Linderhof & Wilfred Appelman & Jolanda van den Berg & Ayodeji Deolu-Ajayi & Annemarie Groot, 2023. "Nature-Based Solutions as Building Blocks for the Transition towards Sustainable Climate-Resilient Food Systems," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-20, March.
    4. Shahab S. Band & Saeid Janizadeh & Sunil Saha & Kaustuv Mukherjee & Saeid Khosrobeigi Bozchaloei & Artemi Cerdà & Manouchehr Shokri & Amirhosein Mosavi, 2020. "Evaluating the Efficiency of Different Regression, Decision Tree, and Bayesian Machine Learning Algorithms in Spatial Piping Erosion Susceptibility Using ALOS/PALSAR Data," Land, MDPI, vol. 9(10), pages 1-23, September.
    5. Wang, Huabing & Xie, Tianyun & Yu, Xiaohong & Zhang, Chi, 2021. "Simulation of soil loss under different climatic conditions and agricultural farming economic benefits: The example of Yulin City on Loess Plateau," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 244(C).
    6. Manuel López-Vicente & Elena Calvo-Seas & Sara Álvarez & Artemi Cerdà, 2020. "Effectiveness of Cover Crops to Reduce Loss of Soil Organic Matter in a Rainfed Vineyard," Land, MDPI, vol. 9(7), pages 1-16, July.
    7. Tugrul Yakupoglu & Recep Gundogan & Turgay Dindaroglu & Kadir Kusvuran & Veysel Gokmen & Jesus Rodrigo-Comino & Yeboah Gyasi-Agyei & Artemi Cerdà, 2021. "Tillage Impacts on Initial Soil Erosion in Wheat and Sainfoin Fields under Simulated Extreme Rainfall Treatments," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-17, January.
    8. Yang Yu & Jesús Rodrigo-Comino, 2021. "Analyzing Regional Geographic Challenges: The Resilience of Chinese Vineyards to Land Degradation Using a Societal and Biophysical Approach," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(2), pages 1-15, February.
    9. Juan An & Jibiao Geng & Huiling Yang & Hongli Song & Bin Wang, 2021. "Effect of Ridge Height, Row Grade, and Field Slope on Nutrient Losses in Runoff in Contour Ridge Systems under Seepage with Rainfall Condition," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-18, February.
    10. Saskia Keesstra & Tamara Metze & Linda Ofori & Marleen Buizer & Saskia Visser, 2022. "What Does the Circular Household of the Future Look Like? An Expert-Based Exploration," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-15, July.
    11. Yun Xue & Bin Zou & Yimin Wen & Yulong Tu & Liwei Xiong, 2020. "Hyperspectral Inversion of Chromium Content in Soil Using Support Vector Machine Combined with Lab and Field Spectra," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-16, May.
    12. Jan Diek van Mansvelt & Paul C. Struik & Arie Bos & Willem Daub & Diederick Sprangers & Mara van den Berg & Marieke Vingerhoets & Kees Zoeteman, 2021. "Changing Ground: Handling Tensions between Production Ethics and Environmental Ethics of Agricultural Soils," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-17, December.
    13. Artemi Cerdà & Jesús Rodrigo-Comino, 2021. "Regional Farmers’ Perception and Societal Issues in Vineyards Affected by High Erosion Rates," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(2), pages 1-18, February.
    14. Tadros, Maher J. & Al-Mefleh, Naji K. & Othman, Yahia A. & Al-Assaf, Amani, 2021. "Water harvesting techniques for improving soil water content, and morpho-physiology of pistachio trees under rainfed conditions," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 243(C).
    15. Mander, Myles & Jewitt, Graham & Dini, John & Glenday, Julia & Blignaut, James & Hughes, Catherine & Marais, Christo & Maze, Kristal & van der Waal, Benjamin & Mills, Anthony, 2017. "Modelling potential hydrological returns from investing in ecological infrastructure: Case studies from the Baviaanskloof-Tsitsikamma and uMngeni catchments, South Africa," Ecosystem Services, Elsevier, vol. 27(PB), pages 261-271.
    16. Sheikh Adil Edrisi & Vishal Tripathi & Purushothaman Chirakkuzhyil Abhilash, 2019. "Performance Analysis and Soil Quality Indexing for Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. Grown in Marginal and Degraded Land of Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India," Land, MDPI, vol. 8(4), pages 1-19, April.
    17. Ilaria Zambon & Artemi Cerdà & Sirio Cividino & Luca Salvati, 2019. "The (Evolving) Vineyard’s Age Structure in the Valencian Community, Spain: A New Demographic Approach for Rural Development and Landscape Analysis," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 9(3), pages 1-13, March.
    18. Ilaria Zambon & Artemi Cerdà & Filippo Gambella & Gianluca Egidi & Luca Salvati, 2019. "Industrial Sprawl and Residential Housing: Exploring the Interplay between Local Development and Land-Use Change in the Valencian Community, Spain," Land, MDPI, vol. 8(10), pages 1-18, September.
    19. Fullana-Pericàs, Mateu & Conesa, Miquel À. & Douthe, Cyril & El Aou-ouad, Hanan & Ribas-Carbó, Miquel & Galmés, Jeroni, 2019. "Tomato landraces as a source to minimize yield losses and improve fruit quality under water deficit conditions," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 223(C), pages 1-1.
    20. Saskia Keesstra & Saskia Visser & Margot De Cleen, 2021. "Achieving Land Degradation Neutrality: A Robust Soil System Forms the Basis for Nature-Based Solutions," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-4, November.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:spr:nathaz:v:105:y:2021:i:3:d:10.1007_s11069-020-04432-8. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.springer.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.