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Initial Development and Validation of the School Belongingness Scale

Author

Listed:
  • Gokmen Arslan

    (Süleyman Demirel University)

  • Erdinc Duru

    (Pamukkale University)

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to develop and preliminarily validate a short self-report measure for assessing students’ sense of belonging to school using a Turkish sample. Participants were 562 students in one secondary and two high schools in an urban city in Turkey. The results provide adequate psychometric support for recommendation of the School Belongingness Scale’s use with two dimensions and 10 items, in order to assess adolescents’ school belongingness levels. Findings from confirmatory factor analysis suggest that the two-factor model was replicated. The total SBS score and those of its subscales correlated significantly with measures of school connectedness, joy of learning, educational purpose, academic self-efficacy, and overall subjective well-being. Further, latent variables path model, which preferred the SBS model to predict the latent constructs of life satisfaction and loneliness indicated that school belonging significantly predicted the criterion variables. Taken together, these results suggest that the SBS is a structurally reliable and valid instrument and has sound psychometric properties for assessing school belonging among secondary and high school students.

Suggested Citation

  • Gokmen Arslan & Erdinc Duru, 2017. "Initial Development and Validation of the School Belongingness Scale," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 10(4), pages 1043-1058, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:chinre:v:10:y:2017:i:4:d:10.1007_s12187-016-9414-y
    DOI: 10.1007/s12187-016-9414-y
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mithat Durak & Emre Senol-Durak & Tulin Gencoz, 2010. "Psychometric Properties of the Satisfaction with Life Scale among Turkish University Students, Correctional Officers, and Elderly Adults," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 99(3), pages 413-429, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Gökmen Arslan & Kelly-Ann Allen & Tracii Ryan, 2020. "Exploring the Impacts of School Belonging on Youth Wellbeing and Mental Health among Turkish Adolescents," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 13(5), pages 1619-1635, October.
    2. Gökmen Arslan & Kelly-Ann Allen, 2021. "School Victimization, School Belongingness, Psychological Well-Being, and Emotional Problems in Adolescents," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 14(4), pages 1501-1517, August.
    3. Jakub Hladik & Karla Hrbackova & Anna Petr Safrankova, 2022. "Models of Self-Regulation Mechanisms in Peer-Rejected Students," SAGE Open, , vol. 12(2), pages 21582440221, May.
    4. Murat Yıldırım & Hacer Yıldırım-Kurtuluş & Hasan Batmaz & Emin Kurtuluş, 2023. "School Belongingness and Internalizing and Externalizing Problems in Adolescents: Exploring the Influence of Meaningful School," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 16(5), pages 2125-2140, October.
    5. Adekunle Adedeji & Tosin Tunrayo Olonisakin & Johanna Buchcik & Erhabor S. Idemudia, 2023. "Socioeconomic status and social capital as predictors of happiness: evidence and gender differences," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 10(1), pages 1-8, December.

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