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Environmental disparities in an urban area, rural–urban migration, and urban unemployment

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  • Azusa Nakamura

    (Gifu Shotoku Gakuen University)

Abstract

The environment is not always uniform for all of the residents of a specific region. This study explicitly incorporates this aspect into a general equilibrium model of rural–urban migration with urban unemployment. Pollution from the urban manufacturing sector is assumed to have a negative externality on urban residents’ utility. Moreover, this study assumes that in an urban area, the effects of pollution on employed and unemployed workers are different. Thus, disparities in the environment develop for the residents within that area. Rural–urban migration is assumed to occur according to a rural–urban difference in expected utilities. This study performs a comparative static analysis. It is shown that, in an urban area, a decrease in the effect of pollution on an employee (unemployed worker) increases his/her utility; however, it decreases an unemployed worker’s (employee’s) utility.

Suggested Citation

  • Azusa Nakamura, 2020. "Environmental disparities in an urban area, rural–urban migration, and urban unemployment," Asia-Pacific Journal of Regional Science, Springer, vol. 4(2), pages 463-477, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:apjors:v:4:y:2020:i:2:d:10.1007_s41685-019-00128-5
    DOI: 10.1007/s41685-019-00128-5
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Disparities in the environment; Urban unemployment; Rural–urban migration;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J64 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Unemployment: Models, Duration, Incidence, and Job Search
    • O18 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Urban, Rural, Regional, and Transportation Analysis; Housing; Infrastructure
    • R11 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Regional Economic Activity: Growth, Development, Environmental Issues, and Changes

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