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Rank tests for functional data based on the epigraph, the hypograph and associated graphical representations

Author

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  • Alba M. Franco-Pereira

    (Complutense University of Madrid
    Universidad Carlos III de Madrid)

  • Rosa E. Lillo

    (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
    Carlos III University of Madrid)

Abstract

Visualization techniques are very useful in data analysis. Their aim is to summarize information into a graph or a plot. In particular, visualization is especially interesting when one has functional data, where there is no total order between the data of a sample. Taking into account the information provided by the down–upward partial orderings based on the hypograph and the epigragh indexes, we propose new strategies to analyze graphically functional data. In particular, combining the two indexes we get an alternative way to measure centrality in a bunch of curves, so we get an alternative measure to the statistical depth. Besides, motivated by the visualization in the plane of the two measures for two functional data samples, we propose new methods for testing homogeneity between two groups of functions. The performance of the tests is evaluated through a simulation study and we have applied them to several real data sets.

Suggested Citation

  • Alba M. Franco-Pereira & Rosa E. Lillo, 2020. "Rank tests for functional data based on the epigraph, the hypograph and associated graphical representations," Advances in Data Analysis and Classification, Springer;German Classification Society - Gesellschaft für Klassifikation (GfKl);Japanese Classification Society (JCS);Classification and Data Analysis Group of the Italian Statistical Society (CLADAG);International Federation of Classification Societies (IFCS), vol. 14(3), pages 651-676, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:advdac:v:14:y:2020:i:3:d:10.1007_s11634-019-00380-9
    DOI: 10.1007/s11634-019-00380-9
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Carlo Sguera & Pedro Galeano & Rosa Lillo, 2014. "Spatial depth-based classification for functional data," TEST: An Official Journal of the Spanish Society of Statistics and Operations Research, Springer;Sociedad de Estadística e Investigación Operativa, vol. 23(4), pages 725-750, December.
    2. Nordhausen, Klaus & Oja, Hannu, 2011. "Multivariate L1 Statistical Methods: The Package MNM," Journal of Statistical Software, Foundation for Open Access Statistics, vol. 43(i05).
    3. López-Pintado, Sara & Romo, Juan, 2009. "On the Concept of Depth for Functional Data," Journal of the American Statistical Association, American Statistical Association, vol. 104(486), pages 718-734.
    4. Cuevas, Antonio & Febrero, Manuel & Fraiman, Ricardo, 2006. "On the use of the bootstrap for estimating functions with functional data," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 51(2), pages 1063-1074, November.
    5. Antonio Cuevas & Manuel Febrero & Ricardo Fraiman, 2007. "Robust estimation and classification for functional data via projection-based depth notions," Computational Statistics, Springer, vol. 22(3), pages 481-496, September.
    6. Ricardo Fraiman & Graciela Muniz, 2001. "Trimmed means for functional data," TEST: An Official Journal of the Spanish Society of Statistics and Operations Research, Springer;Sociedad de Estadística e Investigación Operativa, vol. 10(2), pages 419-440, December.
    7. Cuesta-Albertos, J.A. & Nieto-Reyes, A., 2008. "The random Tukey depth," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 52(11), pages 4979-4988, July.
    8. López-Pintado, Sara & Romo, Juan, 2011. "A half-region depth for functional data," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 55(4), pages 1679-1695, April.
    9. Tomasz Górecki & Łukasz Smaga, 2015. "A comparison of tests for the one-way ANOVA problem for functional data," Computational Statistics, Springer, vol. 30(4), pages 987-1010, December.
    10. Ramón Flores & Rosa Lillo & Juan Romo, 2018. "Homogeneity test for functional data," Journal of Applied Statistics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 45(5), pages 868-883, April.
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