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A Note on a Two-stage Least Squares Estimator for Higher-order Factor Analyses

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  • KENNETH A. BOLLEN

    (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)

  • JEREMY C. BIESANZ

    (University of Wisconsin-Madison)

Abstract

This article extends Bollen's two-stage least squares (2SLS) estimator to estimate confirmatory higher-order factor analysis models. This includes estimation of the higher-order and lower-order factor loadings and their intercepts. This 2SLS estimator does not require that the observed variables come from normal distributions, and it is less sensitive to specification errors than are the full information estimators. As such, this makes the 2SLS estimator a useful complementary estimator to the other full information estimators.

Suggested Citation

  • Kenneth A. Bollen & Jeremy C. Biesanz, 2002. "A Note on a Two-stage Least Squares Estimator for Higher-order Factor Analyses," Sociological Methods & Research, , vol. 30(4), pages 568-579, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:somere:v:30:y:2002:i:4:p:568-579
    DOI: 10.1177/0049124102030004004
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Albert Madansky, 1964. "Instrumental variables in factor analysis," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 29(2), pages 105-113, June.
    2. Kenneth Bollen, 1996. "An alternative two stage least squares (2SLS) estimator for latent variable equations," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 61(1), pages 109-121, March.
    3. Davidson, Russell & MacKinnon, James G., 1993. "Estimation and Inference in Econometrics," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780195060119, Decembrie.
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