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How Reliable and Valid are the Evaluations of Digital Competence in Higher Education: A Systematic Mapping Study

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  • Rafael Saltos-Rivas
  • Pavel Novoa-Hernández
  • Rocío Serrano Rodríguez

Abstract

Evaluating digital competencies has become a topic of growing interest in recent years. Although several reviews and studies have summarized the main elements of progress and shortcomings in this area, some issues are yet to be explored. Very little information is available about the ways of ensuring the validity and reliability of the instrument used. This study addresses this issue through systematic mapping covering the period from January 2015 to July 2020. Based on 88 primary studies, we conclude that a growing number of studies have emerged over the years; most of them are based on European university students in social science programs; the quality of the journals where they were published is low; and the instruments used are mostly questionnaires and ad-hoc surveys that measure the various dimensions of digital competence based on participants’ perceptions. Out of the eight possible types of quality assessment, studies commonly report only four (one in the case of reliability and three in the case of validity). More than 50% of the studies do not provide evidence of having assessed the reliability and validity at the same time. Although participant discipline resulted in a significantly association with the practice of reporting reliability and validity assessments, no specific dimension explained such association. A non-parametric multivariate analysis reveals, among other interesting patterns, that the practice of not reporting quality assessments is more present in studies where participants belong to the fields of Engineering and Technology, Health Sciences, and Humanities.

Suggested Citation

  • Rafael Saltos-Rivas & Pavel Novoa-Hernández & Rocío Serrano Rodríguez, 2022. "How Reliable and Valid are the Evaluations of Digital Competence in Higher Education: A Systematic Mapping Study," SAGE Open, , vol. 12(1), pages 21582440211, January.
  • Handle: RePEc:sae:sagope:v:12:y:2022:i:1:p:21582440211068492
    DOI: 10.1177/21582440211068492
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Wei-Yin Loh, 2014. "Fifty Years of Classification and Regression Trees," International Statistical Review, International Statistical Institute, vol. 82(3), pages 329-348, December.
    2. Stephanie Carretero & Riina Vuorikari & Yves Punie, 2017. "DigComp 2.1: The Digital Competence Framework for Citizens with eight proficiency levels and examples of use," JRC Research Reports JRC106281, Joint Research Centre.
    3. Atanu Sengupta & Sanjoy De, 2020. "Review of Literature," India Studies in Business and Economics, in: Assessing Performance of Banks in India Fifty Years After Nationalization, chapter 0, pages 15-30, Springer.
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    1. Annika Kreuder & Ulrich Frick & Katrin Rakoczy & Sabine J. Schlittmeier, 2024. "Digital competence in adolescents and young adults: a critical analysis of concomitant variables, methodologies and intervention strategies," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 11(1), pages 1-20, December.

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