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Qualifications to the Rottenberg Invariance Theorem

Author

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  • Anthony C. Krautmann

    (DePaul University)

Abstract

A total of 50 years after Simon Rottenberg's article appeared in the Journal of Political Economy, his seminal article continues to be one of the most cited studies in the field of sports economics. Although his article discusses such central concepts as the Uncertainty of Outcome Hypothesis and how territorial rights are the underlying source of monopoly power, he is perhaps best known for his Invariance Theorem. Here Rottenberg states that the allocation of talent in a sports league is invariant to the ownership of property rights. This Strong interpretation of invariance, which is widely held by the profession, is predicated on a number of fairly demanding conditions. In this article, the author explores a number of these conditions, which must apply in order that Strong invariance holds. These conditions include the Daly and Moore externality problem, the critical role of transaction costs, and the impact of player preferences. Although the author respectfully acknowledges Rottenberg's Invariance Theorem for its insightfulness and elegant prowess, he simply wishes to point out how restrictive the conditions are that underlie Strong invariance.

Suggested Citation

  • Anthony C. Krautmann, 2008. "Qualifications to the Rottenberg Invariance Theorem," Journal of Sports Economics, , vol. 9(1), pages 88-95, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:jospec:v:9:y:2008:i:1:p:88-95
    DOI: 10.1177/1527002506298124
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Rodney Fort & James Quirk, 1995. "Cross-subsidization, Incentives, and Outcomes in Professional Team Sports Leagues," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 33(3), pages 1265-1299, September.
    2. Scully, Gerald W, 1974. "Pay and Performance in Major League Baseball," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 64(6), pages 915-930, December.
    3. Simon Rottenberg, 1956. "The Baseball Players' Labor Market," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 64(3), pages 242-242.
    4. AC. Krautmann & E. Gustafson & L. Hadley, 2000. "Who pays for minor league training costs?," Contemporary Economic Policy, Western Economic Association International, vol. 18(1), pages 37-47, January.
    5. Rodney Fort & James Quirk, 2004. "Owner Objectives and Competitive Balance," Journal of Sports Economics, , vol. 5(1), pages 20-32, February.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Philip L. Hersch & Jodi E. Pelkowski, 2014. "Does General Manager Networking Affect Choice of Trade Partners in Major League Baseball?," Journal of Sports Economics, , vol. 15(6), pages 601-616, December.

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