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Introducing the Peacekeeping Mandates (PEMA) Dataset

Author

Listed:
  • Jessica Di Salvatore
  • Magnus Lundgren
  • Kseniya Oksamytna
  • Hannah M. Smidt

Abstract

Research on UN peacekeeping operations has established that operations' size and composition affect peacekeeping success. However, we lack systematic data for evaluating whether variation in tasks assigned to UN peacekeeping mandates matters and what explains different configurations of mandated tasks in the first place. Drawing on UN Security Council resolutions that establish, extend, or revise mandates of 27 UN peacekeeping operations in Africa in the 1991–2017 period, the Peacekeeping Mandates (PEMA) dataset fills this gap. It records 41 distinct tasks, ranging from disarmament to reconciliation and electoral support. For each task, the PEMA dataset also distinguishes between three modalities of engagement (monitoring, assisting, and securing) and whether the task is requested or merely encouraged. To illustrate the usefulness of our data, we re-examine Hultman, Kathman, and Shannon’s (2013) analysis of operations’ ability to protect civilians. Our results show that host governments and rebel groups respond differently to civilian protection mandates.

Suggested Citation

  • Jessica Di Salvatore & Magnus Lundgren & Kseniya Oksamytna & Hannah M. Smidt, 2022. "Introducing the Peacekeeping Mandates (PEMA) Dataset," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 66(4-5), pages 924-951, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:jocore:v:66:y:2022:i:4-5:p:924-951
    DOI: 10.1177/00220027211068897
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Deniz Cil & Hanne Fjelde & Lisa Hultman & Desirée Nilsson, 2020. "Mapping blue helmets: Introducing the Geocoded Peacekeeping Operations (Geo-PKO) dataset," Journal of Peace Research, Peace Research Institute Oslo, vol. 57(2), pages 360-370, March.
    2. Hultman, Lisa & Kathman, Jacob & Shannon, Megan, 2014. "Beyond Keeping Peace: United Nations Effectiveness in the Midst of Fighting," American Political Science Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 108(4), pages 737-753, November.
    3. Hylke Dijkstra, 2015. "Shadow bureaucracies and the unilateral control of international secretariats: Insights from UN peacekeeping," The Review of International Organizations, Springer, vol. 10(1), pages 23-41, March.
    4. John Gledhill & Richard Caplan & Maline Meiske, 2021. "Developing peace: the evolution of development goals and activities in United Nations peacekeeping," Oxford Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 49(3), pages 201-229, July.
    5. Fjelde, Hanne & Hultman, Lisa & Nilsson, Desirée, 2019. "Protection Through Presence: UN Peacekeeping and the Costs of Targeting Civilians," International Organization, Cambridge University Press, vol. 73(1), pages 103-131, January.
    6. Gabriella Lloyd, 2021. "New Data on UN Mission Mandates 1948–2015: Tasks Assigned to Missions in their Mandates (TAMM)," Journal of Peace Research, Peace Research Institute Oslo, vol. 58(5), pages 1149-1160, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Barış Arı & Theodora-Ismene Gizelis & Wakako Maekawa, 2025. "How United Nations peace operations can help overcome perils to post-conflict elections," Journal of Peace Research, Peace Research Institute Oslo, vol. 62(7), pages 2257-2272, December.
    2. Nicolas Rost & John N. Clarke, 2025. "Why do governments fund some humanitarian appeals but not others?," Development Policy Review, Overseas Development Institute, vol. 43(1), January.
    3. Rafael Mesquita & Antonio Pires, 2025. "The references of the nations: Introducing a corpus of United Nations General Assembly resolutions since 1946 and their citation network," Journal of Peace Research, Peace Research Institute Oslo, vol. 62(4), pages 1279-1291, July.
    4. Maekawa, Wakako, 2024. "United Nations peacekeeping operations and multilateral foreign aid: Credibility of good governance," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 176(C).
    5. Stefano Costalli & Jessica Di Salvatore & Andrea Ruggeri, 2024. "Do UN peace operations help forcibly displaced people?," Journal of Peace Research, Peace Research Institute Oslo, vol. 61(6), pages 1051-1068, November.
    6. Susanna P. Campbell & Aila M. Matanock, 2024. "Weapons of the weak state: How post-conflict states shape international statebuilding," The Review of International Organizations, Springer, vol. 19(3), pages 469-513, September.
    7. Wakako Maekawa, 2025. "Introducing new data on UN Special Political Mission Mandated Tasks (UNSPMMT)," Journal of Peace Research, Peace Research Institute Oslo, vol. 62(6), pages 2148-2161, November.
    8. Alessandro Belmonte & Desiree Teobaldelli & Davide Ticchi, 2024. "Expected foreign military intervention and demand for state-building: evidence from Mali," Working Papers 493, Universita' Politecnica delle Marche (I), Dipartimento di Scienze Economiche e Sociali.
    9. Hannah Smidt & Constantin Ruhe & Sabine Otto, 2025. "Many hurdles to take: Explaining peacekeepers’ ability to engage in human rights activities," Journal of Peace Research, Peace Research Institute Oslo, vol. 62(4), pages 1095-1111, July.
    10. Magnus Lundgren & Emma Janson & Martin Lundqvist, 2025. "Introducing the Proscription of Armed Actors Dataset," Journal of Peace Research, Peace Research Institute Oslo, vol. 62(4), pages 1241-1251, July.
    11. Andrea Knapp, 2025. "Introducing the UNSCRA dataset: authoring Security Council draft resolutions, 1990–2023," Journal of Peace Research, Peace Research Institute Oslo, vol. 62(6), pages 2136-2147, November.

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