IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/sae/envirb/v53y2026i3p516-524.html

MAP: Mapping accessibility for ethically informed urban planning

Author

Listed:
  • Ruth Nelson
  • Martijn Warnier
  • Trivik Verma

Abstract

Evaluating accessibility based on multiple notions of justice allows for a multi-perspective analysis of the trade-offs between the benefits and burdens associated with the provision of infrastructure. This presents a challenge due to a lack of metrics which operationalise multiple notions of justice for comparative purposes. It is further complicated by the reliance on General Transit Feed Specification (GTFS) data to do many kinds of accessibility analyses, which is often not freely available and accessible, especially in data scarce regions. This paper presents the MAP open-source software package that allows for the incorporation of multiple notions of justice in accessibility analysis. Firstly, MAP supports the development of an Urban Network Model based on open-access data. Secondly, using this model it enables the calculation of Neighbourhood Reach Centrality, a cumulative accessibility metric. Finally, it allows for the evaluation of accessibility based on three comparative metrics of spatial justice visualised through maps. For illustrative purposes, data sets from the City of Cape Town in South Africa are provided as a ready-to-use data-product. This software package offers an efficient method for incorporating spatial justice considerations into accessibility analysis offering the potential to be used as a boundary object within interdisciplinary teams of researchers, policy-analysts, transport engineers, and other stakeholders.

Suggested Citation

  • Ruth Nelson & Martijn Warnier & Trivik Verma, 2026. "MAP: Mapping accessibility for ethically informed urban planning," Environment and Planning B, , vol. 53(3), pages 516-524, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:sae:envirb:v:53:y:2026:i:3:p:516-524
    DOI: 10.1177/23998083251387382
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/23998083251387382
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1177/23998083251387382?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Golub, Aaron & Martens, Karel, 2014. "Using principles of justice to assess the modal equity of regional transportation plans," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 10-20.
    2. Lucas, Karen, 2012. "Transport and social exclusion: Where are we now?," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 20(C), pages 105-113.
    3. Delbosc, Alexa & Currie, Graham, 2011. "The spatial context of transport disadvantage, social exclusion and well-being," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 19(6), pages 1130-1137.
    4. Jannes J. Willems & Jitske van Popering-Verkerk & Lucy van Eck, 2023. "How boundary objects facilitate local climate adaptation networks: the cases of Amsterdam Rainproof and Water Sensitive Rotterdam," Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 66(7), pages 1513-1532, June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Rui Xiao & Guofeng Wang & Meng Wang, 2018. "Transportation Disadvantage and Neighborhood Sociodemographics: A Composite Indicator Approach to Examining Social Inequalities," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 137(1), pages 29-43, May.
    2. Costa, Cayo & Ha, Jaehyun & Lee, Sugie, 2021. "Spatial disparity of income-weighted accessibility in Brazilian Cities: Application of a Google Maps API," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    3. Pyrialakou, V. Dimitra & Gkritza, Konstantina & Fricker, Jon D., 2016. "Accessibility, mobility, and realized travel behavior: Assessing transport disadvantage from a policy perspective," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 252-269.
    4. Fransen, Koos & Neutens, Tijs & Farber, Steven & De Maeyer, Philippe & Deruyter, Greet & Witlox, Frank, 2015. "Identifying public transport gaps using time-dependent accessibility levels," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 176-187.
    5. World Bank, 2021. "Connectivity for Human Capital," World Bank Publications - Reports 35185, The World Bank Group.
    6. Jafino, Bramka Arga, 2021. "An equity-based transport network criticality analysis," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 144(C), pages 204-221.
    7. Boisjoly, Geneviève & Serra, Bernardo & Oliveira, Gabriel T. & El-Geneidy, Ahmed, 2020. "Accessibility measurements in São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Curitiba and Recife, Brazil," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 82(C).
    8. Karen Lucas & Ian Philips & Ersilia Verlinghieri, 2022. "A mixed methods approach to the social assessment of transport infrastructure projects," Transportation, Springer, vol. 49(1), pages 271-291, February.
    9. Benjamin Motte-Baumvol & Julie Fen-Chong & Olivier Bonin, 2023. "Immobility in a weekly mobility routine: studying the links between mobile and immobile days for employees and retirees," Transportation, Springer, vol. 50(5), pages 1723-1742, October.
    10. Duvarci, Yavuz & Yigitcanlar, Tan & Mizokami, Shoshi, 2015. "Transportation disadvantage impedance indexing: A methodological approach to reduce policy shortcomings," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 61-75.
    11. Lucas, Karen & Philips, Ian & Mulley, Corinne & Ma, Liang, 2018. "Is transport poverty socially or environmentally driven? Comparing the travel behaviours of two low-income populations living in central and peripheral locations in the same city," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 116(C), pages 622-634.
    12. Hui Zheng & Baohong He & Mingwei He & Jinghui Guo, 2022. "Impact of Urban Spatial Transformation on the Mobility of Commuters with Different Transportation Modes in China: Evidence from Kunming 2011–2016," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-22, June.
    13. Kerzhner, Tamara & Chilumpha, Zayeenab & Jana, Wilfred & Tukula, Sekani & Arroyo, Fatima, 2025. "“I have no choice”: Agency, poverty and embodied experience in urban transport," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 124(C).
    14. Nazari Adli, Saeid & Donovan, Stuart, 2018. "Right to the city: Applying justice tests to public transport investments," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 56-65.
    15. Bantis, Thanos & Haworth, James, 2020. "Assessing transport related social exclusion using a capabilities approach to accessibility framework: A dynamic Bayesian network approach," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 84(C).
    16. Rubensson, Isak & Susilo, Yusak & Cats, Oded, 2020. "Fair accessibility – Operationalizing the distributional effects of policy interventions," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 89(C).
    17. Espeland, Sierra & Rowangould, Dana, 2024. "Rural travel burdens in the United States: Unmet need and travel costs," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 121(C).
    18. David Perez-Barbosa & Junyi Zhang, 2017. "Transport-Based Social Exclusion in Rural Japan: A Case Study on Schooling Trips of High School Students," Social Inclusion, Cogitatio Press, vol. 5(4), pages 235-250.
    19. Deboosere, Robbin & El-Geneidy, Ahmed M. & Levinson, David, 2018. "Accessibility-oriented development," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 11-20.
    20. Nazmus Sakib & Federica Appiotti & Filippo Magni & Denis Maragno & Alberto Innocenti & Elena Gissi & Francesco Musco, 2018. "Addressing the Passenger Transport and Accessibility Enablers for Sustainable Development," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(4), pages 1-21, March.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:sae:envirb:v:53:y:2026:i:3:p:516-524. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: SAGE Publications (email available below). General contact details of provider: .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.