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Socio-economic Determinants of Low Literacy Rate in Rural Areas of Punjab Pakistan

Author

Listed:
  • Muhammad Asif Shahzad

    (Bahauddin Zakarya University, Multan, Pakistan)

  • Rana Muhammad Waseem Akram

    (National College of Business Administration and Economics, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Idrees

    (Department of Pakistan Studies Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan)

  • Mughesa Rubab

    (Institute of Southern Punjab Multan, Pakistan)

  • Mohsin Raza

    (National college of Business Administration and Economics, Pakistan)

  • Afsheen Zehra

    (University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan)

Abstract

This study investigates the socio-economic determinants of low literacy rates in rural areas of Punjab Pakistan particularly focusing on Multan. The research design adopts a correlational approach utilizing a structured questionnaire-based survey method for data collection. The questionnaire, administered to a purposive sample of 200 respondents across diverse socio-economic strata within Multan Sadar, Multan Municipality, Jalalpur Piruwala, and the Tehsil of Shujabad, aims to capture demographic information, educational background, income, employment status, and access to educational resources. Ethical considerations prioritize informed consent, confidentiality, and participant autonomy. The subsequent data analysis involves organizing collected data in SPSS, conducting frequency distribution, Pearson's correlation coefficient, regression analysis, and binary logistic regression to discern relationships between socio-economic factors and literacy rates. Findings reveal significant associations between socio-economic factors and educational background highlighting the critical roles of gender employment status income level access to resources and rural/urban divide in shaping literacy rates. These insights underscore the need for comprehensive policy interventions addressing socio-economic and gender-based barriers to improve literacy rates effectively in rural areas like Multan, Punjab, Pakistan.

Suggested Citation

  • Muhammad Asif Shahzad & Rana Muhammad Waseem Akram & Muhammad Idrees & Mughesa Rubab & Mohsin Raza & Afsheen Zehra, 2024. "Socio-economic Determinants of Low Literacy Rate in Rural Areas of Punjab Pakistan," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 13(1), pages 246-255.
    • Handle: RePEc:rfh:bbejor:v:13:y:2024:i:1:p:246-255
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.61506/01.00198
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    3. Audi, Marc & Ali, Amjad, 2016. "Gender Gap and Trade Liberalization: An Analysis of some selected SAARC countries," MPRA Paper 83520, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    4. Amjad Ali & Marc Audi & Chan Bibi & Yannick Roussel, 2021. "The Impact of Gender Inequality and Environmental Degradation on Human Well-being in the Case of Pakistan: A Time Series Analysis," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 11(2), pages 92-99.
    5. Robert J. Barro, 2001. "Human Capital and Growth," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 91(2), pages 12-17, May.
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    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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