Author
Listed:
- Garloff, Alfred
- Guertzgen, Nicole
Abstract
Angesichts der zunehmenden Verankerung von Oeffnungsklauseln in Branchentarifvertraegen besteht das Ziel des vorliegenden Beitrages darin, eine empirische Analyse der Konsequenzen fuer Entlohnungsniveau und -struktur solcher Klauseln vorzunehmen. Im Mittelpunkt der Analyse steht die Frage, ob und in welchem Ausmass Oeffnungsklauseln zu einer besseren Anpassungsfaehigkeit von Loehnen an betriebsspezifische Erfordernisse beitragen. Die Datenbasis fuer die Untersuchung bildet der Linked Employer-Employee Datensatz des IAB (LIAB) fuer die Jahre 2005 und 2007, der Informationen zur Inzidenz und Inanspruchnahme von Oeffnungsklauseln sowie zur betrieblichen Tarifbindung und Ertragssituation liefert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass in ueberdurchschnittlich profitablen Betrieben die Existenz von Oeffnungsklauseln mit einem hoeheren durchschnittlichen Lohnniveau einhergeht. Hinsichtlich der Reagibilitaet der Loehne auf betriebsspezifische Ertragsbedingungen deuten die Ergebnisse deutlich darauf hin, dass Loehne in Betrieben, deren Branchentarifvertraege Oeffnungsklauseln vorsehen, staerker mit aenderungen der betriebsspezifischen Situation korreliert sind als die Entlohnung in Betrieben, deren Tarifvertraege keine Oeffnungsklauseln enthalten. Dies ist insbesondere fuer diejenigen Betriebe relevant, die durch einen unterdurchschnittlichen Gewinn gekennzeichnet sind. Letztere Ergebnisse erweisen sich als robust, wenn statt des Lohnniveaus Lohnveraenderungen analysiert werden. (Opt-out clauses within centralised collective bargaining agreements allow firms to deviate from wages and standards stipulated in centralised agreements. Given that such flexibility provisions have gained considerable importance in German wage determination, this article studies the association between the existence and use of opt-out clauses and the level and structure of wages. Of particular interest is the question whether opt-out clauses are associated with a greater responsiveness of wages to firm-specific profitability conditions. To address these issues, we examine German linked employer-employee data from 2005 and 2007, which provide information on individual wages along with information on profitability, collective bargaining coverage and opt-out clauses at the establishment level. Overall, our results confirm earlier evidence indicating that – compared to contracts without any flexibility - wages under contracts with existing opt-out clauses are more responsive to local profitability conditions in establishments performing below average. These findings are found to be robust to estimating first-differenced specifications.)
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JEL classification:
- J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials
- J50 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Labor-Management Relations, Trade Unions, and Collective Bargaining - - - General
- J51 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Labor-Management Relations, Trade Unions, and Collective Bargaining - - - Trade Unions: Objectives, Structure, and Effects
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