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Uncovering the characteristics and evolution of inter-provincial knowledge flow in China through Chinese literature citations

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  • Dan Li
  • Qianwen Cao

Abstract

Knowledge flow is essential for regional innovation and a critical pathway to building a high-quality innovation system in China. This study constructs an inter-provincial knowledge flow network based on citation relationships in Chinese literature, applies social network analysis to examine the evolution of its characteristics, and employs the Chinese Library Classification number to represent content categories. The results indicate that (1) inter-provincial knowledge flow in China is gradually strengthening, while differences in provincial importance are narrowing and dependence on key provinces is declining; (2) Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu, and Hubei remain central in driving knowledge innovation within the network; (3) a core–periphery structure persists, although the number of provinces in the core is decreasing and correlations between the core and peripheral regions are increasing; and (4) the country’s leading economic provinces and cultural centers continue to play a prominent role in the output of scientific innovation.

Suggested Citation

  • Dan Li & Qianwen Cao, 2025. "Uncovering the characteristics and evolution of inter-provincial knowledge flow in China through Chinese literature citations," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 20(11), pages 1-27, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0336249
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0336249
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yue Wu & Xin Gu & Zhenzhou Tu & Zhaobohan Zhang, 2022. "System dynamic analysis on industry-university-research institute synergetic innovation process based on knowledge flow," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 127(3), pages 1317-1338, March.
    2. Tamás Sebestyén & Attila Varga, 2013. "Research productivity and the quality of interregional knowledge networks," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 51(1), pages 155-189, August.
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