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The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbances among medical students and resident physicians in Iran: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Arman Shafiee
  • Mohammad Mobin Teymouri Athar
  • Niloofar Seighali
  • Mohammad Javad Amini
  • Hamed Hajishah
  • Razman Arabazadeh Bahri
  • Amirhossein Akhoundi
  • Maryam Beiky
  • Nastaran Sarvipour
  • Saba Maleki
  • Atefeh Zandifar
  • Mahmood Bakhtiyari

Abstract

Background: We sought to conduct this comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbance in Iranian medical students and resident physicians. Methods: A systematic search was conducted on 23 December 2023 in PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, and Iranian national databases. We pooled the prevalence of individual studies using the random effect model. Results: Our systematic search showed 36 articles that meet the eligibility criteria. Most included studies were cross-sectional. The most used questionnaire to assess depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbance were Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), The Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale—21 Items (DASS-21), and The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), respectively. The overall prevalence of depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbance among Iranian medical students were 43% (95%CI: 33%–53%%, I2 = 98%), 44% (95%CI: 31%–58%%, I2 = 99%), 48% (95%CI: 39%–56%%, I2 = 97%), respectively. The results of subgroup and meta-regression analyses showed questionnaires used and the place of the medical school were significantly associated with the prevalence of aforementioned outcomes. Funnel plot and Begg’s regression test did not show a significant source of funnel plot asymmetry for depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbance. Conclusion: In conclusion, our study showed that nearly half of the medical students had some type of depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbance problems. To address this serious national public health issue, efficient preventive measures, routine screenings, and prompt interventions are required.

Suggested Citation

  • Arman Shafiee & Mohammad Mobin Teymouri Athar & Niloofar Seighali & Mohammad Javad Amini & Hamed Hajishah & Razman Arabazadeh Bahri & Amirhossein Akhoundi & Maryam Beiky & Nastaran Sarvipour & Saba Ma, 2024. "The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbances among medical students and resident physicians in Iran: A systematic review and meta-analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 19(8), pages 1-22, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0307117
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0307117
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Huidi Xiao & Wen Shu & Menglong Li & Ziang Li & Fangbiao Tao & Xiaoyan Wu & Yizhen Yu & Heng Meng & Sten H. Vermund & Yifei Hu, 2020. "Social Distancing among Medical Students during the 2019 Coronavirus Disease Pandemic in China: Disease Awareness, Anxiety Disorder, Depression, and Behavioral Activities," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(14), pages 1-13, July.
    2. Matthew J Page & Joanne E McKenzie & Patrick M Bossuyt & Isabelle Boutron & Tammy C Hoffmann & Cynthia D Mulrow & Larissa Shamseer & Jennifer M Tetzlaff & Elie A Akl & Sue E Brennan & Roger Chou & Jul, 2021. "The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 18(3), pages 1-15, March.
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