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Assessing the heterogeneity in the transmission of infectious diseases from time series of epidemiological data

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  • Günter Schneckenreither
  • Lukas Herrmann
  • Rafael Reisenhofer
  • Niki Popper
  • Philipp Grohs

Abstract

Structural features and the heterogeneity of disease transmissions play an essential role in the dynamics of epidemic spread. But these aspects can not completely be assessed from aggregate data or macroscopic indicators such as the effective reproduction number. We propose in this paper an index of effective aggregate dispersion (EffDI) that indicates the significance of infection clusters and superspreading events in the progression of outbreaks by carefully measuring the level of relative stochasticity in time series of reported case numbers using a specially crafted statistical model for reproduction. This allows to detect potential transitions from predominantly clustered spreading to a diffusive regime with diminishing significance of singular clusters, which can be a decisive turning point in the progression of outbreaks and relevant in the planning of containment measures. We evaluate EffDI for SARS-CoV-2 case data in different countries and compare the results with a quantifier for the socio-demographic heterogeneity in disease transmissions in a case study to substantiate that EffDI qualifies as a measure for the heterogeneity in transmission dynamics.

Suggested Citation

  • Günter Schneckenreither & Lukas Herrmann & Rafael Reisenhofer & Niki Popper & Philipp Grohs, 2023. "Assessing the heterogeneity in the transmission of infectious diseases from time series of epidemiological data," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 18(5), pages 1-26, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0286012
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286012
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. repec:plo:pone00:0000758 is not listed on IDEAS
    2. James O Lloyd-Smith, 2007. "Maximum Likelihood Estimation of the Negative Binomial Dispersion Parameter for Highly Overdispersed Data, with Applications to Infectious Diseases," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 2(2), pages 1-8, February.
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