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Dietary diversity practice and associated factors among adolescents in Ethiopia, systematic review and meta-analysis

Author

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  • Fanos Yeshanew Ayele
  • Aregash Abebayehu Zerga
  • Fikre Bayu Gebeyehu
  • Sisay Eshete Tadesse
  • Segenet Zewude
  • Yeshi Habteslasie
  • Zena Befekadu

Abstract

Background: Adolescence (10–19 years) is a critical life period for growth and health. An increase in dietary diversity in the food is related to improved nutrient adequacy of the diet. However, studies conducted on dietary diversity practice among adolescents showed non-conclusive and inconsistent findings on the magnitude of the problem. Likewise, there was no meta-analysis conducted in the study area. Hence, this systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to estimate the pooled prevalence of good dietary diversity practice and its associated factors among adolescents in Ethiopia. Methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guideline was followed. All articles were systematically searched by Google Scholar, PubMed, Hinari, Cochrane Library, Global Health and CINAHL. Meta-analysis was conducted by using STATA 14 software. Forest plots were used to present the pooled prevalence of good dietary diversity practices. A random effect model was used to compute the pooled prevalence; while subgroup analysis was performed to identify the possible source of heterogeneity. Publication bias was assessed by the begg’s and egger’s test. Moreover, the associated factor of dietary diversity practices was observed. Results: This review involved 7 studies, and 3,950 participants. The pooled prevalence of good dietary diversity practice among adolescents in Ethiopia was 39.24% (95% CI: 30.82, 47.66). Mothers with formal education [AOR = 1.98, (95% CI: 1.65, 2.36)], fathers with formal education [AOR = 2.30, (95% CI: 1.81, 2.93)], Medium wealth index [AOR = 2.75, (95% CI: 1.96, 3.86)] and urban residence [AOR = 2.88, (95% CI: 1.59, 5.22)] were positively associated with good dietary diversity practice. Conclusions: The pooled prevalence of good dietary diversity practices among adolescents is low. Being urban residents, the medium wealth quintile, mothers’ educational status and fathers’ educational status were independent factors of good dietary diversity practice among adolescents. Therefore, focused nutritional interventions should be given to rural residents and adolescents from low economic status.

Suggested Citation

  • Fanos Yeshanew Ayele & Aregash Abebayehu Zerga & Fikre Bayu Gebeyehu & Sisay Eshete Tadesse & Segenet Zewude & Yeshi Habteslasie & Zena Befekadu, 2023. "Dietary diversity practice and associated factors among adolescents in Ethiopia, systematic review and meta-analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 18(7), pages 1-13, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0284573
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284573
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    1. Sukhwinder Singh & Andrew D. Jones & Ruth S. DeFries & Meha Jain, 2020. "The association between crop and income diversity and farmer intra-household dietary diversity in India," Food Security: The Science, Sociology and Economics of Food Production and Access to Food, Springer;The International Society for Plant Pathology, vol. 12(2), pages 369-390, April.
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