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Risk and protective factors of health-related quality of life in children and adolescents: Results of the longitudinal BELLA study

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  • Christiane Otto
  • Anne-Catherine Haller
  • Fionna Klasen
  • Heike Hölling
  • Monika Bullinger
  • Ulrike Ravens-Sieberer
  • on behalf of the BELLA study group

Abstract

Aims: Cross-sectional studies demonstrated associations of several sociodemographic and psychosocial factors with generic health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in children and adolescents. However, little is known about factors affecting the change in child and adolescent HRQoL over time. This study investigates potential psychosocial risk and protective factors of child and adolescent HRQoL based on longitudinal data of a German population-based study. Methods: Data from the BELLA study gathered at three measurement points (baseline, 1-year and 2-year follow-ups) were investigated in n = 1,554 children and adolescents aged 11 to 17 years at baseline. Self-reported HRQoL was assessed by the KIDSCREEN-10 Index. We examined effects of sociodemographic factors, mental health problems, parental mental health problems, as well as potential personal, familial, and social protective factors on child and adolescent HRQoL at baseline as well as over time using longitudinal growth modeling. Results: At baseline, girls reported lower HRQoL than boys, especially in older participants; low socioeconomic status and migration background were both associated with low HRQoL. Mental health problems as well as parental mental health problems were negatively, self-efficacy, family climate, and social support were positively associated with initial HRQoL. Longitudinal analyses revealed less increase of HRQoL in girls than boys, especially in younger participants. Changes in mental health problems were negatively, changes in self-efficacy and social support were positively associated with the change in HRQoL over time. No effects were found for changes in parental mental health problems or in family climate on changes in HRQoL. Moderating effects for self-efficacy, family climate or social support on the relationships between the investigated risk factors and HRQoL were not found. Conclusion: The risk factor mental health problems negatively and the resource factors self-efficacy and social support positively affect the development of HRQoL in young people, and should be considered in prevention programs.

Suggested Citation

  • Christiane Otto & Anne-Catherine Haller & Fionna Klasen & Heike Hölling & Monika Bullinger & Ulrike Ravens-Sieberer & on behalf of the BELLA study group, 2017. "Risk and protective factors of health-related quality of life in children and adolescents: Results of the longitudinal BELLA study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(12), pages 1-17, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0190363
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190363
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Michael Erhart & Veronika Ottova & Tanja Gaspar & Helena Jericek & Christina Schnohr & Mujgan Alikasifoglu & Antony Morgan & Ulrike Ravens-Sieberer, 2009. "Measuring mental health and well-being of school-children in 15 European countries using the KIDSCREEN-10 Index," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 54(2), pages 160-166, September.
    2. Angela Plass-Christl & Anne-Catherine Haller & Christiane Otto & Claus Barkmann & Silke Wiegand-Grefe & Heike Hölling & Michael Schulte-Markwort & Ulrike Ravens-Sieberer & Fionna Klasen, 2017. "Parents with mental health problems and their children in a German population based sample: Results of the BELLA study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(7), pages 1-14, July.
    3. Corinna Bisegger & Bernhard Cloetta & Ursula von Bisegger & Thomas Abel & Ulrike Ravens-Sieberer, 2005. "Health-related quality of life: gender differences in childhood and adolescence," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 50(5), pages 281-291, October.
    4. Kristin Haraldstad & Knut‐Andreas Christophersen & Hilde Eide & Gerd K Nativg & Sølvi Helseth, 2011. "Predictors of health‐related quality of life in a sample of children and adolescents: a school survey," Journal of Clinical Nursing, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 20(21‐22), pages 3048-3056, November.
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    2. Susanne Schwager & Uwe Berger & Anni Glaeser & Bernhard Strauss & Katharina Wick, 2019. "Evaluation of “Healthy Learning. Together”, an Easily Applicable Mental Health Promotion Tool for Students Aged 9 to 18 Years," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-15, February.
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    4. Christin Scheiner & Christian Seis & Nikolaus Kleindienst & Arne Buerger, 2023. "Psychopathology, Protective Factors, and COVID-19 among Adolescents: A Structural Equation Model," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-14, January.
    5. Cho, Esther Yin-Nei & Yu, Fuk-Yuen, 2020. "A review of measurement tools for child wellbeing," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 119(C).
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