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Pre-Pregnancy Body Mass Index in Relation to Infant Birth Weight and Offspring Overweight/Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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  • Zhangbin Yu
  • Shuping Han
  • Jingai Zhu
  • Xiaofan Sun
  • Chenbo Ji
  • Xirong Guo

Abstract

Background: Overweight/obesity in women of childbearing age is a serious public-health problem. In China, the incidence of maternal overweight/obesity has been increasing. However, there is not a meta-analysis to determine if pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) is related to infant birth weight (BW) and offspring overweight/obesity. Methods: Three electronic bibliographic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL) were searched systematically from January 1970 to November 2012. The dichotomous data on pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity and BW or offspring overweight/obesity were extracted. Summary statistics (odds ratios, ORs) were used by Review Manager, version 5.1.7. Results: After screening 665 citations from three electronic databases, we included 45 studies (most of high or medium quality). Compared with normal-weight mothers, pre-pregnancy underweight increased the risk of small for gestational age (SGA) (odds ratios [OR], 1.81; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.76–1.87); low BW (OR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.27–1.71). Pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity increased the risk of being large for gestational age (LGA) (OR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.44–1.63; and OR, 2.08; 95% CI; 1.95–2.23), high BW (OR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.44–1.63; and OR, 2.00; 95% CI; 1.84–2.18), macrosomia (OR, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.42–1.97; and OR, 3.23; 95% CI, 2.39–4.37), and subsequent offspring overweight/obesity (OR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.77–2.13; and OR, 3.06; 95% CI, 2.68–3.49), respectively. Sensitivity analyses revealed that sample size, study method, quality grade of study, source of pre-pregnancy BMI or BW had a strong impact on the association between pre-pregnancy obesity and LGA. No significant evidence of publication bias was observed. Conclusions: Pre-pregnancy underweight increases the risk of SGA and LBW; pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity increases the risk of LGA, HBW, macrosomia, and subsequent offspring overweight/obesity. A potential effect modification by maternal age, ethnicity, gestational weight gain, as well as the role of gestational diseases should be addressed in future studies.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhangbin Yu & Shuping Han & Jingai Zhu & Xiaofan Sun & Chenbo Ji & Xirong Guo, 2013. "Pre-Pregnancy Body Mass Index in Relation to Infant Birth Weight and Offspring Overweight/Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(4), pages 1-1, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0061627
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061627
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    1. repec:mpr:mprres:4039 is not listed on IDEAS
    2. Baeten, J.M. & Bukusi, E.A. & Lambe, M., 2001. "Pregnancy complications and outcomes among overweight and obese nulliparous women," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 91(3), pages 436-440.
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    1. Briony Hill & Mathew Ling & Gita Mishra & Lisa J. Moran & Helena J. Teede & Lauren Bruce & Helen Skouteris, 2019. "Lifestyle and Psychological Factors Associated with Pregnancy Intentions: Findings from a Longitudinal Cohort Study of Australian Women," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(24), pages 1-16, December.
    2. Chiara Mameli & Sara Mazzantini & Gian Vincenzo Zuccotti, 2016. "Nutrition in the First 1000 Days: The Origin of Childhood Obesity," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-9, August.
    3. Ewa Mierzejewska & Talita Honorato-Rzeszewicz & Dorota Świątkowska & Marzena Jurczak-Czaplicka & Tomasz Maciejewski & Anna Fijałkowska & Jagna Szulc-Kamińska & Anna Czach & Hanna Nałecz & Dorota Szost, 2020. "Evaluation of questionnaire as an instrument to measure the level of nutritional and weight gain knowledge in pregnant women in Poland. A pilot study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(1), pages 1-13, January.
    4. Weihui Zhang & Tse-Chuan Yang, 2021. "Maternal Smoking and Infant Low Birth Weight: Exploring the Biological Mechanism Through the Mother’s Pre-pregnancy Weight Status," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 40(2), pages 211-229, April.
    5. Sharp, Gemma C. & Lawlor, Deborah A. & Richardson, Sarah S., 2018. "It's the mother!: How assumptions about the causal primacy of maternal effects influence research on the developmental origins of health and disease," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 213(C), pages 20-27.
    6. S. M. Tafsir Hasan & Md Alfazal Khan & Tahmeed Ahmed, 2021. "Institute of Medicine Recommendations on the Rate of Gestational Weight Gain and Perinatal Outcomes in Rural Bangladesh," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(12), pages 1-16, June.
    7. Mei-Hsin Hsu & Yu-Chieh Chen & Jiunn-Ming Sheen & Li-Tung Huang, 2020. "Maternal Obesity Programs Offspring Development and Resveratrol Potentially Reprograms the Effects of Maternal Obesity," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(5), pages 1-15, March.
    8. Bernard F. Fuemmeler & Nancy Zucker & Yaou Sheng & Carmen E. Sanchez & Rachel Maguire & Susan K. Murphy & Scott H. Kollins & Cathrine Hoyo, 2019. "Pre-Pregnancy Weight and Symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Executive Functioning Behaviors in Preschool Children," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-14, February.
    9. Sarah Bell & Sarah Siau Yi Yew & Gemma Devenish & Diep Ha & Loc Do & Jane Scott, 2018. "Duration of Breastfeeding, but Not Timing of Solid Food, Reduces the Risk of Overweight and Obesity in Children Aged 24 to 36 Months: Findings from an Australian Cohort Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-14, March.
    10. Helen Lee & Sarah Shea Crowne & Melanie Estarziau & Keith Kranker & Charles Michalopoulos & Anne Warren & Tod Mijanovich & Jill H. Filene & Anne Duggan & Virginia Knox, "undated". "The Effects of Home Visiting on Prenatal Health, Birth Outcomes, and Health Care Use in the First Year of Life: Final Implementation and Impact Findings from the Mother and Infant Home Visiting Progra," Mathematica Policy Research Reports a9626a8d90bf4f01811d0c9d7, Mathematica Policy Research.
    11. Michael Leung & Nandita Perumal & Elnathan Mesfin & Aditi Krishna & Seungmi Yang & William Johnson & Diego G Bassani & Daniel E Roth, 2018. "Metrics of early childhood growth in recent epidemiological research: A scoping review," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(3), pages 1-17, March.
    12. Mercedes Díaz-Rodríguez & Celia Pérez-Muñoz & Jesús Carretero-Bravo & Catalina Ruíz-Ruíz & Manuel Serrano-Santamaría & Bernardo C. Ferriz-Mas, 2021. "Early Risk Factors for Obesity in the First 1000 Days—Relationship with Body Fat and BMI at 2 Years," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(15), pages 1-13, August.
    13. Yvonne Hsiung & Ching-Fang Lee & Li-Kang Chi & Jian-Pei Huang, 2021. "“Moving for My Baby!” Motivators and Perceived Barriers to Facilitate Readiness for Physical Activity during Pregnancy among Obese and Overweight Women of Urban Areas in Northern Taiwan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(10), pages 1-17, May.
    14. Joanna Baran & Aneta Weres & Rafał Baran & Ewelina Czenczek-Lewandowska & Justyna Leszczak & Justyna Wyszyńska, 2022. "Preterm Birth and the Type of Birth and Their Impact on the Incidence of Overweight and Obesity in Children," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-9, September.
    15. Averett, Susan L. & Fletcher, Erin K., 2015. "The Relationship between Maternal Pre-Pregnancy BMI and Preschool Obesity," IZA Discussion Papers 9608, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).

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