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Antitrust Policy towards Co-operative R&D Ventures

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  • Geroski, P A

Abstract

This paper surveys the theoretical literature on R&D cartels and the empirical literature on problems of appropriability in order to evaluate the case for encouraging antitrust authorities to treat R&D cooperative ventures leniently. The case for R&D cooperative ventures trades potential gains from internalizing technological spillovers off against a possible reduction in output market competition, but the empirical evidence suggests that R&D spillovers can easily be exaggerated. This suggests that the design of antitrust policy towards R&D cooperative ventures is likely to be of major importance if they are to yield net social gains, and the paper concludes with a critical examination of the NCRA introduced in U.S. and Block Exemption introduced in Europe in the 1980s. Copyright 1993 by Oxford University Press.

Suggested Citation

  • Geroski, P A, 1993. "Antitrust Policy towards Co-operative R&D Ventures," Oxford Review of Economic Policy, Oxford University Press and Oxford Review of Economic Policy Limited, vol. 9(2), pages 58-71, Summer.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:oxford:v:9:y:1993:i:2:p:58-71
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Cassiman, Bruno, 2000. "Research joint ventures and optimal R&D policy with asymmetric information," International Journal of Industrial Organization, Elsevier, vol. 18(2), pages 283-314, February.
    2. Tao, Zhigang & Wu, Changqi, 1997. "On the organization of cooperative research and development: Theory and evidence," International Journal of Industrial Organization, Elsevier, vol. 15(5), pages 573-596, August.
    3. Najib Harabi, 2002. "The Impact of Vertical R&D Cooperation on Firm Innovation: An Empirical Investigation," Economics of Innovation and New Technology, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 11(2), pages 93-108.
    4. Cevikarslan S., 2015. "Research joint ventures in an R&D driven market with evolving consumer preferences: An evolutionary multi-agent based modelling approach," MERIT Working Papers 2015-007, United Nations University - Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (MERIT).
    5. Kaiser, Ulrich, 2002. "Measuring knowledge spillovers in manufacturing and services: an empirical assessment of alternative approaches," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 31(1), pages 125-144, January.
    6. Odagiri, Hiroyuki & Nakamura, Yoshiaki & Shibuya, Minoru, 1997. "Research consortia as a vehicle for basic research: The case of a fifth generation computer project in Japan," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 26(2), pages 191-207, May.
    7. Changqi Wu & K.C. Wei, 1998. "Cooperative R&D and the Value of the Firm," Review of Industrial Organization, Springer;The Industrial Organization Society, vol. 13(4), pages 425-446, August.
    8. Lars Wiethaus, 2006. "Cooperation or competition in R&D when innovation and absorption are costly," Economics of Innovation and New Technology, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 15(6), pages 569-589.
    9. D Hugh Whittaker & Benjamin Fath & Antje Fiedler, 2020. "Open to competition? Competitive density and the growth of young New Zealand ventures," Australian Journal of Management, Australian School of Business, vol. 45(2), pages 343-358, May.
    10. Ivano D'Antonio, 2015. "Cooperazione e spesa in R&S: evidenze empiriche dalla Community Innovation Survey," STUDI ECONOMICI, FrancoAngeli Editore, vol. 2015(116), pages 90-110.
    11. Hinloopen, Jeroen, 2000. "Strategic R&D Co-operatives," Research in Economics, Elsevier, vol. 54(2), pages 153-185, June.
    12. Reka Horvath, 2001. "Cooperative research and firm performance," CERS-IE WORKING PAPERS 0108, Institute of Economics, Centre for Economic and Regional Studies.
    13. Jacek, Prokop & Adam, Karbowski, 2016. "Pozioma współpraca badawczo-rozwojowa a kartelizacja gałęzi [Horizontal R&D cooperation and market cartelization]," MPRA Paper 73605, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    14. Bacchiega Emanuele & Lambertini Luca & Mantovani Andrea, 2010. "R&D-Hindering Collusion," The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy, De Gruyter, vol. 10(1), pages 1-15, July.
    15. Karbowski, Adam, 2016. "Współpraca badawczo-rozwojowa przedsiębiorstw: przegląd prac empirycznych [R&D Cooperation of Firms: Empirical literature review]," MPRA Paper 77698, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    16. Asa Romeo Asa & Harold Campbell & Johanna Pangeiko Nautwima, 2022. "A Critical Review of Organizing Knowledge Management for Innovation," International Journal of Management Science and Business Administration, Inovatus Services Ltd., vol. 8(2), pages 7-15, January.
    17. Cabral, Luis M. B., 2000. "R&D cooperation and product market competition," International Journal of Industrial Organization, Elsevier, vol. 18(7), pages 1033-1047, October.
    18. Adam Karbowski & Jacek Prokop, 2018. "R&D activities of enterprises, product market leadership, and collusion," Zbornik radova Ekonomskog fakulteta u Rijeci/Proceedings of Rijeka Faculty of Economics, University of Rijeka, Faculty of Economics and Business, vol. 36(2), pages 735-753.
    19. Miyagiwa, Kaz & Ohno, Yuka, 2002. "Uncertainty, spillovers, and cooperative R&D," International Journal of Industrial Organization, Elsevier, vol. 20(6), pages 855-876, June.
    20. Sakakibara, Mariko, 2001. "Cooperative research and development: who participates and in which industries do projects take place?," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 30(7), pages 993-1018, August.
    21. Petit, Maria Luisa & Tolwinski, Boleslaw, 1997. "Technology sharing cartels and industrial structure," International Journal of Industrial Organization, Elsevier, vol. 15(1), pages 77-101, February.
    22. Harabi, Najib, 1997. "Vertical Relations Between Firms and Innovation: An Empirical Investigation of German Firms," ZEW Discussion Papers 97-10, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research.
    23. Spanos, Yiannis E., 2021. "Exploring heterogeneous returns to collaborative R&D: A marginal treatment effects perspective," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 50(5).
    24. Kaiser, Ulrich, 2002. "An empirical test of models explaining research expenditures and research cooperation: evidence for the German service sector," International Journal of Industrial Organization, Elsevier, vol. 20(6), pages 747-774, June.

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