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Political Identity: Experimental Evidence on Anti-Americanism in Pakistan
[Economics And Identity]

Author

Listed:
  • Leonardo Bursztyn
  • Michael Callen
  • Bruno Ferman
  • Saad Gulzar
  • Ali Hasanain
  • Noam Yuchtman

Abstract

We identify Pakistani men’s willingness to pay to preserve their anti-American identity using two experiments imposing clearly specified financial costs on anti-American expression, with minimal consequential or social considerations. In two distinct studies, one-quarter to one-third of subjects forgo payments from the U.S. government worth around one-fifth of a day’s wage to avoid an identity-threatening choice: anonymously checking a box indicating gratitude toward the U.S. government. We find sensitivity to both payment size and anticipated social context: when subjects anticipate that rejection will be observable by others, rejection falls suggesting that, for some, social image can outweigh self-image.

Suggested Citation

  • Leonardo Bursztyn & Michael Callen & Bruno Ferman & Saad Gulzar & Ali Hasanain & Noam Yuchtman, 2020. "Political Identity: Experimental Evidence on Anti-Americanism in Pakistan [Economics And Identity]," Journal of the European Economic Association, European Economic Association, vol. 18(5), pages 2532-2560.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:jeurec:v:18:y:2020:i:5:p:2532-2560.
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1093/jeea/jvz053
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Eleonora Alabrese & Francesco Capozza & Prashant Garg, 2024. "Politicized Scientists: Credibility Cost of Political Expression on Twitter," CESifo Working Paper Series 11254, CESifo.
    2. Suanna Oh, 2023. "Does Identity Affect Labor Supply?," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 113(8), pages 2055-2083, August.
    3. Nicolás Ajzenman & Bruno Ferman & Pedro C. Sant’Anna, 2023. "Rooting for the Same Team: On the Interplay between Political and Social Identities in the Formation of Social Ties," Working Papers 231, Red Nacional de Investigadores en Economía (RedNIE).
    4. Dossi, Gaia & Morando, Marta, 2023. "Political ideology and innovation," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 126760, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    5. Adam Osman & Jamin D. Speer, 2024. "Stigma and take‐up of labour market assistance: Evidence from two field experiments," Economica, London School of Economics and Political Science, vol. 91(361), pages 123-141, January.
    6. Muñoz, Manuel, 2024. "Identity change and economic mobility: Experimental evidence," Games and Economic Behavior, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 493-509.
    7. Roberto A. Weber & Sili Zhang, 2023. "What Money Can Buy: How Market Exchange Promotes Values," CESifo Working Paper Series 10809, CESifo.
    8. Vicente, Pedro C. & Vilela, Inês, 2022. "Preventing Islamic radicalization: Experimental evidence on anti-social behavior," Journal of Comparative Economics, Elsevier, vol. 50(2), pages 474-485.
    9. Michael Thaler, 2021. "The Supply of Motivated Beliefs," Papers 2111.06062, arXiv.org, revised Sep 2023.

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • P16 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - Capitalist Economies - - - Capitalist Institutions; Welfare State
    • D00 - Microeconomics - - General - - - General
    • C90 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Design of Experiments - - - General

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