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The Intergenerational Transmission of World War I on Female Labour

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  • Victor Gay

Abstract

Demographic shocks tied to World War I’s high death toll induced many women to enter the labour force in the immediate post-war period. I document a positive impact of these newly employed women on the labour force participation of subsequent generations of women until today. I also find that the war permanently altered attitudes toward the role of women in the labour force. I decompose this impact into three channels of intergenerational transmission: transmission from mothers to daughters, transmission from mothers-in-law to daughters-in-law via their sons and transmission through local social interactions.

Suggested Citation

  • Victor Gay, 2023. "The Intergenerational Transmission of World War I on Female Labour," The Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 133(654), pages 2303-2333.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:econjl:v:133:y:2023:i:654:p:2303-2333.
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1093/ej/uead029
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    Cited by:

    1. Gonzalez, Felipe & Prem, Mounu & von Dessauer, Cristine, 2023. "Empowerment or Indoctrination? Women Centers Under Dictatorship," SocArXiv 64mf9, Center for Open Science.
    2. Gay, Victor & Grosjean, Pauline, 2023. "Morts Pour la France: A database of French fatalities of the Great War," Explorations in Economic History, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    3. Awaworyi Churchill, Sefa & Chang, Simon & Smyth, Russell & Trinh, Trong-Anh, 2025. "The long run gender origins of entrepreneurship: Evidence from Australia's convict history," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 40(6).
    4. Björn Brey & Joanne Haddad & Lamis Kattan, 2025. "Collective Memory and National Identity Formation: The Role of Family and the State," RFBerlin Discussion Paper Series 25112, ROCKWOOL Foundation Berlin (RFBerlin).
    5. Braun, Sebastian T. & Stuhler, Jan, 2024. "The economic consequences of being widowed by war: A life-cycle perspective," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 239(C).
    6. Dincecco, Mark & Fenske, James & Gupta, Bishnupriya & Menon, Anil, 2024. "Conflict and Gender Norms," The Warwick Economics Research Paper Series (TWERPS) 1491, University of Warwick, Department of Economics.
    7. Barbara Boelmann & Carola Stapper, 2026. "Missing Men and Women’s Demand for Political Representation," ECONtribute Discussion Papers Series 396, University of Bonn and University of Cologne, Germany.
    8. González, Felipe & Prem, Mounu & von Dessauer, Cristine, 2024. "Empowerment or Indoctrination? Female Training Programs under Dictatorship," IZA Discussion Papers 17163, IZA Network @ LISER.
    9. repec:osf:socarx:64mf9_v1 is not listed on IDEAS

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