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Quantity Discounts: An Overview and Practical Guide for Buyers and Sellers

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  • Munson, Charles L.
  • Jackson, Jonathan

Abstract

Sellers commonly provide price discounts for large orders; in fact, quantity discounts have existed as ubiquitous tools of commerce for hundreds of years. In some industries today, quantity discounts are more common than not in business-to-business transactions. For example, large discount retailers demand price breaks from their suppliers, and they typically then pass on a portion of the savings to final consumers. Practitioners face the issue from two sides. For sellers, what form of quantity discounts makes the most sense, and how should the discounts be priced? What role should quantity discounts play in the larger contract negotiation scheme? For buyers, how many units should be ordered when faced with a quantity discount schedule? And under what conditions should a buyer take the lead and attempt to negotiate a discount schedule from its supplier?

Suggested Citation

  • Munson, Charles L. & Jackson, Jonathan, 2015. "Quantity Discounts: An Overview and Practical Guide for Buyers and Sellers," Foundations and Trends(R) in Technology, Information and Operations Management, now publishers, vol. 8(1-2), pages 1-130, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:now:fnttom:0200000041
    DOI: 10.1561/0200000041
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Jose A. García-Martínez & Ana Meca & G. Alexander Vergara, 2022. "Cooperative Purchasing with General Discount: A Game Theoretical Approach," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(22), pages 1-20, November.
    2. Kirschstein, Thomas & Meisel, Frank, 2019. "A multi-period multi-commodity lot-sizing problem with supplier selection, storage selection and discounts for the process industry," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 279(2), pages 393-406.
    3. Manerba, Daniele & Mansini, Renata & Perboli, Guido, 2018. "The Capacitated Supplier Selection problem with Total Quantity Discount policy and Activation Costs under uncertainty," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 198(C), pages 119-132.
    4. Aria Shahsavar & Nima Zoraghi & Babak Abbasi, 2018. "Integration of resource investment problem with quantity discount problem in material ordering for minimizing resource costs of projects," Operational Research, Springer, vol. 18(2), pages 315-342, July.
    5. Song, Zhuzhu & Tang, Wansheng & Zhao, Ruiqing, 2019. "Encroachment and canvassing strategy in a sea-cargo service chain with empty container repositioning," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 276(1), pages 175-186.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Quantity discounts; Pricing;

    JEL classification:

    • L11 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Production, Pricing, and Market Structure; Size Distribution of Firms
    • M11 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Business Administration - - - Production Management
    • M31 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Marketing and Advertising - - - Marketing

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